Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: report from the Nairobi Study
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Date
1994Author
Datta, P
Embree, JE
Kreiss, JK
Ndinya-Achola, JO
Braddick, M
Temmerman, M
Nagelkerke, NJ
Maitha, G
Holmes, KK
Piot, P
Type
ArticleLanguage
enMetadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a significant problem in countries with endemic HIV-1 infection. Between 1986 and 1991, 365 children of HIV-1-infected mothers and 363 control children were studied in Kenya. The overall risk of transmission from mother to child, determined by serologic evidence of infection by age > or = 12 months and excess mortality in the HIV-1-exposed group, was 42.8% (range, 27.6%-62.2%). Marriage was the only maternal characteristic associated with transmission (odds ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.2; P < .05). Children who experienced growth failure were more likely to be infected. In 44% of children ultimately infected, the pattern of antibody response implied intrapartum or postnatal exposure to HIV-1. Of potential postnatal exposures examined, duration of breast-feeding beyond age 15 months and the mother being married were independently associated with increased risk of infection and seroconversion of children. The percentage of HIV infection attributable to breast-feeding > or = 15 months was 32%. The frequency of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 was high; a substantial proportion of infection occurred postnatally, possibly through breast-feeding.
URI
http://hinari-gw.who.int/whalecomwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/whalecom0/pubmed/7963705http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/16892
Citation
J Infect Dis. 1994 Nov;170(5):1134-40Publisher
World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Sexually Transmitted Diseases Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi
Collections
- Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) [10377]