Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) by Title

Now showing items 1089-1108 of 10377

    • Breast milk alpha-defensins are associated with HIV type 1 RNA and CC chemokines in breast milk but not vertical HIV type 1 transmission 

      Bosire, R; John-Stewart, GC; Mabuka, JM; Wariua, G; Gichuhi, Christine M; Wamalwa, D; Ruzinski, J; Goodman, R; Lohman, B; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; Overbaugh, J; Farquhar, C (Department of Pediatrics, University of Nairobi,, 2007)
      Alpha-defensins are proteins exhibiting in vitro anti-HIV-1 activity that may protect against mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 via breast milk. Correlates of alpha-defensins in breast milk and transmission risk were ...

    • Breast milk cellular HIV-specific interferon γ responses are associated with protection from peripartum HIV transmission. 

      Lohman-Payne, B; Slyker, JA; Moore, S; Maleche-Obimbo, E; Wamalwa, DC; Richardson, BA; Rowland-Jones, S; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; Farquhar, C,; Overbaugh, J; John-Stewart, G (2012)
      Breast milk is a major route of infant HIV infection, yet the majority of breast-fed, HIV-exposed infants escape infection by unknown mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the role of HIV-specific breast milk cells ...

    • Breast Milk HIV-1 RNA Levels and Female Sex Are Associated With HIV-1–Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses in HIV-1–Exposed, Uninfected Infants in Kenya 

      Farquhar, Carey; Lohman-Payne, Barbara; Overbaugh, Julie; Richardson, Barbra A; Mabuka, Jennifer; Bosire, Rose; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; John-Stewart, Grace (Department of Paediatrics, 2011)
      Background. Although evidence supports a relationship between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–1 exposure and HIV-1−specific CD8+ T cell responses, studies have not demonstrated a direct association between the quantity ...

    • Breast milk HIV-1 suppression and decreased transmission: a randomized trial comparing HIVNET012 nevirapine versus short-course zidovudine 

      Chung, Michael H.; Kiarie, James N.; Richardson, Barbra A.; Lehman, Dara A.; Overbaugh, Julie; Stewart, Grace C. John (2005)
      Objective: To compare the effect of perinatal regimens of short-course nevirapine (HIVNET012)andzidovudine[Thai-CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC) regimen] on breast milk viral shedding and perinatal transmission ...

    • Breast Milk Transmission Of HIV-1 

      Nduati, RW; John, G (University of NairobiDepartment of Public Health, 1995-12)
      PIP: Breast milk provides infants and children immunologic, nutritional, and child spacing benefits. Yet it also transmits some viruses, for example, HIV-1. The World Health Organization recommends that, in conditions ...

    • Breast-feeding and human immunodeficiency virus infection: Assessment of knowledge among clinicians in Kenya 

      Murila, F; Obimbo, MM; Musoke, R; Tsikhutsu, I; Migiro, S; Ogeng'o, Julius A (University of Nairobi, 2013-11)
      In Kenya, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence ranks among the highest in the world. Approximately 60 000 infections yearly are attributed to vertical transmission including the process of labour and breast-feeding. ...

    • Breast-feeding and Transmission of HIV-1. 

      John-Stewart, G; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; Ekpini, R; Janoff, EN; Nkengasong, J; Read, JS; Van de, Perre P; Newell, ML; Ghent IAS Working Group on HIV in Women Children (University of Nairobi.Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USADepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Univeristy of Nairobi, Kenya, 2004-02)
      Breast-feeding substantially increases the risk of HIV-1 transmission from mother to child, and although peripartum antiretroviral therapy prophylaxis significantly decreases the risk of mother-to-child transmission around ...

    • Breast-milk infectivity in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected mothers. 

      Richardson, BA; John-Stewart, GC; Hughes, JP; Nduati, RW; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; Overbaugh, J; Kreiss, JK (University of Nairobi.Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Univeristy of Nairobi, Kenya, 2003-03)
      Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted through blood, genital secretions, and breast milk. The probability of heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 per sex act is.0003-.0015, but little is known regarding ...

    • Breastfeeding and Contraception: Editorial 

      Karanja, JG (University of Nairobi,Department of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, 1989)

    • Breastfeeding and family planning. Manual of Clinical Family Planning Practice 

      Kamau, RK (University of NairobiObsterics and gynaecology, 1988)

    • Breastfeeding and HIV-1 infection. A review of current literature 

      Nduati, R (University of NairobiDepartment of Paediatrics, 2000)
      No abstract available

    • Breastfeeding and immunity to intestinal infections 

      Kakai, R; Bwayo, JJ; Wamola, IA; Ndinya-Achola Jeckoniah O.; Nagelkerke, NJ; Anzala, AO; Plummer, FA (Ministry of Health, Kenya, 1995)
      The purpose of this study was to compare immune response in breast and non breastfed children presenting with diarrhoea at Paediatric Observation Ward, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH-POW) and Maternal and Child Health ...

    • Breastfeeding and immunity to intestinal infections 

      Kakai, R; Bwayo, JJ; Wamola, IA; Ndinya-Achola, JO; Nagelkerke, NJ; Anzala Aggrey O.; Plummer, FA (Ministry of Health, KenyaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1995)
      The purpose of this study was to compare immune response in breast and non breastfed children presenting with diarrhoea at Paediatric Observation Ward, Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH-POW) and Maternal and Child Health ...

    • Breastfeeding in women with HIV 

      Nduati, RW; Mbori-Ngacha, DA; John, G; Richardson, B; Kreiss, J (University of Nairobi.Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Univeristy of Nairobi, Kenya, 2000-08)
      No Abstract Available

    • Breastfeeding in women with HIV. JAMA. 2000 Aug 23;284(8):956-7 

      Nduati, R.; Mbori-Ngacha, D.; John, G; Richardson, B; Kreiss, J. (University of Nairobi, 2000)
      No abstract available

    • Breastfeeding is associated with decreased pneumonia incidence among HIV-exposed, uninfected Kenyan infants. 

      Asbjörnsdóttir, KH; Slyker, JA; Weiss, NS; Mbori-Ngacha, D; Maleche-Obimbo, E; Wamalwa, D; John-Stewart, G. (University of Nairobi,Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, 2013)
      OBJECTIVE:: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have higher infectious disease morbidity and mortality than unexposed infants. We determined the incidence and risk factors for pneumonia, a leading cause of infant ...

    • Breastfeeding promotion in Kenya: changes in health worker knowledge, attitudes and practices 

      Meme, JS (Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1992)
      Ministry of Health, Government of Kenya, Nairobi. In 1982, a study of health worker knowledge, attitudes and practices with respect to breastfeeding was undertaken in Kenya. A breastfeeding promotion campaign ensued, in ...

    • Breastfeeding promotion: feeding the low birth weight infant 

      Musoke, RN (Department of Paediatrics, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1990)
      Though there is still some reluctance to use human milk for low birth weight infants, we have shown that it is possible exclusively to feed these infants on milk from their own mothers. The infants have adequate weight ...

    • Breastfeeding Versus Infant Formula: The Kenyan Case. 

      Elliot, T C; Agunda, K O; Kigondu, J G; Kinoti, S N; Latham, M C (University of NairobiDepartment of Paediatrics,University of Nairobi, 1985-02)
      PIP: An Infant Feeding Practices Study (IFPS) in 1982 in Kenya, which included a cross-sectional survey of a weighted sample of 980 low and middle income Nairobi mothers who had given birth in the previous 18 months, ...

    • Breastfeeding, Hospital Practices as Reported by Mothers at Kenyatta National Hospital 

      Mirie, W; Kemenwa, R., (Department of Community Health Thematic Unit, University of Nairobi, 1997)
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