Browsing Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) by Title
Now showing items 3978-3997 of 10377
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Genital levels of innate immune factors with HIV inhibitory activity: Association with genital infections and increased HIV acquisition
(University of NairobiFaculty of medicine, 2008-11) -
Genital levels of soluble immune factors with anti-HIV activity may correlate with increased HIV susceptibility
(University of NairobiSchool of medicine,University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2008-10)Despite the scale of the HIV pandemic, mucosal innate immune defenses prevent HIV infection after most sexual exposures. Several soluble immune factors with in vitro anti-HIV activity are present at the genital mucosa in ... -
Genital shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA during pregnancy: association with immunosuppression, abnormal cervical or vaginal discharge, and severe vitamin A deficiency
(Department of paediatrics, University of Nairobi, 1997-01)The presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in genital secretions may be a determinant of vertical HIV-1 transmission. Cervical and vaginal secretions from HIV-1–seropositive pregnant women were evaluated ... -
Genital shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA during pregnancy: association with immunosuppression, abnormal cervical or vaginal discharge, and severe vitamin A deficiency.
(University of Nairobi, 1997)The presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in genital secretions may be a determinant of vertical HIV-1 transmission. Cervical and vaginal secretions from HIV-1-seropositive pregnant women were evaluated ... -
Genital shedding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA during pregnancy: association with immunosuppression, abnormal cervical or vaginal discharge, and severe vitamin A deficiency. J Infect Dis. 1997 Jan;175(1):57-62
(University of Nairobi, 1997)The presence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in genital secretions may be a determinant of vertical HIV-1 transmission. Cervical and vaginal secretions from HIV-1-seropositive pregnant women were evaluated ... -
The Genital Tract and Rectal Microbiomes: Their Role in HIV Susceptibility and Prevention in Women
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Introduction: Young women in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV, accounting for 25% of all new infections in 2017. Several behavioural and biological factors are known to impact a young woman's ... -
Genital ulcer disease among STD clinic attenders in Nairobi: association with HIV-1 and circumcision status.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1996)In previous studies, genital ulcers in men have been found to be associated with increased risk of HIV-1 seroconversion. To further explore this association male patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) ... -
Genital ulcer disease treatment for reducing sexual acquisition of HIV
(2012)Genital ulcer disease by virtue of disruption of the mucosal surfaces may enhance HIV acquisition. Genital ulcer disease treatment with resolution of the ulcers may therefore contribute in reducing the sexual acquisition ... -
Genital ulceration as a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus infection.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle., 1988)Among 115 heterosexual men who presented with genital ulcers to a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Nairobi, Kenya, the prevalence of serum antibody to HIV was 16.5%. A past history of genital ulcers was reported by ... -
Genital ulceration does not increase HIV-1 shedding in cervical or vaginal secretions of women taking antiretroviral therapy.
(University of NairobiFaculty of medicine, 2011)OBJECTIVES: Genital ulcer disease (GUD) is associated with increased HIV-1-RNA shedding in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive women. The effect of GUD on HIV-1 shedding among ART-treated women is not known. The objective ... -
Genital ulcers in Kenya. Clinical and laboratory study.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Medicine, 1981-12)Of 97 patients with genital ulcers attending a special treatment clinic in Nairobi, Kenya, 60 harboured Haemophilus ducreyi, four herpes simplex virus, and five Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Eleven patients had serological evidence ... -
Genitourinary tuberculosis at Kenyatta National Hospital 1973-1980.
(Medicine, University of Nairobi, 1983) -
Genome-wide analysis of selection on the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in West African populations of differing infection endemicity.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)Locally varying selection on pathogens may be due to differences in drug pressure, host immunity, transmission opportunities between hosts, or the intensity of between-genotype competition within hosts. Highly recombining ... -
Genome-wide and fine-resolution association analysis of malaria in West Africa
(University of Nairobi.College of Health Sciences, 2009)We report a genome-wide association (GWA) study of severe malaria in The Gambia. The initial GWA scan included 2,500 children genotyped on the Affymetrix 500K GeneChip, and a replication study included 3,400 children. We ... -
Genome-wide association study identifies 12 new susceptibility loci for primary biliary cirrhosis
(College of Health Sciences, 2011)In addition to the HLA locus, six genetic risk factors for primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have been identified in recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS). To identify additional loci, we carried out a GWAS using ... -
Genomewide Association Study for Determinants of HIV-1 Acquisition and Viral Set Point in HIV-1 Serodiscordant Couples with Quantified Virus Exposure
(Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2011)BACKGROUND: Host genetic factors may be important determinants of HIV-1 sexual acquisition. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for host genetic variants modifying HIV-1 acquisition and viral control in ... -
Genomic epidemiology of the current wave of artemisinin resistant malaria
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Artemisinin resistant Plasmodium falciparum is advancing across Southeast Asia in a soft selective sweep involving at least 20 independent kelch13 mutations. In a large global survey, we find that kelch13 mutations which ... -
Genomic polymorphisms in Theileria parva. In: Genome analysis of protozoan parasites
(University of Nairobi, 1992) -
Genotype determination of hepatitis C virus from northern India: identification of a new subtype.J Med Virol.
(Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1996)Hepatitis C virus (HCV) shows substantial nucleotide sequence diversity distributed throughout the viral genome, with many variants showing only 68-79% overall sequence homology. This has led to problems in diagnosis of ...