College of Health Sciences (CHS)

Adolescent experiences, perceptions, and preferences for the process of HIV status disclosure in Kenya

Mugo, Cyrus; Njuguna, Irene N; Beima-Sofie, Kristin; Mburu, Caren W; Onyango, Alvin; Itindi, Janet; Richardson, Barbra A; Oyiengo, Laura; John-Stewart, Grace; Wamalwa, Dalton C (University of Nairobi, 2023)

Introduction: Disclosure of HIV status to adolescents living with HIV has been associated with improved treatment outcomes. However, there are limited data regarding the experiences of, perceptions of, and preferences for ...

Efficacy of Bentonite and Fumonisin Esterase in Mitigating the Effects of Aflatoxins and Fumonisins in Two Kenyan Cattle Breeds

Kemboi, David; Antonissen, Gunther; Ochieng, Phillis; Croubels, Siska; De Baere, Siegrid; Scippo, Marie-Louise; Okoth, Sheila; Kangethe, Erastus; Faas, Johannes; Doupovec, Barbara; Lindahl, Johanna; Gathumbi, James (University of Nairobi, 2023)

The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of bentonite and fumonisin esterase, separately or combined, in mitigating the effects of aflatoxins (AF) and fumonisins (FUM) in Boran and Friesian-Boran crossbreed ...

Perinatal depression and its impact on infant outcomes and maternal-nurse SMS communication in a cohort of Kenyan women

Hummel, Alyssa D; Ronen, Keshet; Amritha, Bhat; Wandika, Brenda; Choo, Esther M; Osborn, Lusi; Maneesh, Batra; Kinuthia, John; Manasi, Kumar; Unger, Jennifer A (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Background: Perinatal depression is broadly defined as depressive symptoms during pregnancy or within the 12 months following delivery, affecting approximately 20-25% of pregnant and postpartum women in low- and middle-income ...

A systematic review of clinical, epidemiological and demographic predictors of tuberculosis in children with pneumonia

Saniya, Kazi; Corcoran, Hannah; Yara-Natalie, Abo; Hamish, Graham; Oliwa, Jacquie; Graham, Stephen M; ARI, Review group (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) can present as acute, severe pneumonia in children, but features which distinguish TB from other causes of pneumonia are not well understood. We conducted a systematic review to determine the ...

Determinants of survival outcomes among esophageal cancer patients at a national referral hospital in Kenya

Degu, Amsalu; Karimi, Peter N; Opanga, Sylvia A; Nyamu, David G (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Introduction: The overall 5-year survival rate for esophageal cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries was reported to be low, despite the availability of advanced treatments. Thus, this study aimed to assess ...

Interferon Gamma Release Assay and Tuberculin Skin Test Performance in Pregnant Women Living With and Without HIV

Kaplan, Samantha R; Escudero, Jaclyn N; Mecha, Jerphason; Richardson, ,Barbra A; Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth; Matemo, Aniel; Kinuthia, John; John-Stewart, Grace C; LaCourse, Sylvia M (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Background: HIV and pregnancy may affect latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnostics. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and newer generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) evaluations in pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) and ...

Assessment of independent comorbidities and comorbidity measures in predicting healthcare facility-onset Clostridioides difficile infection in Kenya

Mutai, Winnie C; Mureithi, Marianne; Omu, Anzala; Kullin, Brian; Ofwete, Robert; Kyany' a, Cecilia; Odoyo, Erick; Musila, Lillian; Gunturu, Revathi (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Introduction: Clostridioides difficile is primarily associated with hospital-acquired diarrhoea. The disease burden is aggravated in patients with comorbidities due to increased likelihood of polypharmacy, extended hospital ...

Defining No and Low (NoLo) Alcohol Products

Okaru, Alex O; Lachenmeier, Dirk W (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Reducing the alcoholic strength in beverages as a strategy to reduce harmful alcohol use has been proposed by multilateral institutions such as the World Health Organization and governments worldwide. Different industrial ...

Antenatal depressive symptoms in Kenyan women living with HIV: contributions of recent HIV diagnosis, stigma, and partner violence

Lusi, Osborn; Ronen, Keshet; Larsen, Anna M; Richardson, Barbra; Khasimwa, Brian; Chohan, Bhavna; Matemo, Daniel; Unger, Jennifer; Drake, Alison L; Kinuthia, John; John-Stewart, Grace (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Depression among pregnant women living with HIV (WLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa leads to poor pregnancy and HIV outcomes. This cross-sectional analysis utilized enrollment data from a randomized trial (Mobile WAChX, NCT02400671) ...

Factors associated with hospital length of stay in patients admitted with suspected malaria in Kenya: secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey

Machini, Beatrice; Achia, Thomas N O; Kipruto, Hillary; Amboko, Beatrice; Chesang, Jacqueline (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Objectives: To investigate factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients admitted with suspected malaria using a competing risk approach. Setting: County government referrals and major faith-based ...

Gender Norms and Family Planning Amongst Pastoralists in Kenya: a Qualitative Study in Wajir and Mandera

Kenny, Leah; Lokot, Michelle; Bhatia, Amiya; Hassan, Rahma; Pyror, Shannon; Nana, Apenem D; Abdullahi, Aden; Abdalla, Shariff; Bacchus, Loraine J; Mazeda, Hossain; Beniamino, Cislaghi (University of Nairobi, 2022)

There is growing recognition among global health practitioners of the importance of rights-based family planning (FP) programming that addresses inequities. Despite Kenya achieving its national FP target, inequities in ...

Factors associated with use of long-acting reversible and permanent contraceptives among married women in rural Kenya: A community-based cross-sectional study in Kisii and Kilifi counties

Orwa, James; Gatimu, Samwel M; Ngugi, Anthony; Agwanda, Alfred; Temmerman, Marleen (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods (LAPM) are effective and economical methods for delaying or limiting pregnancies, however they are not widely used. The Kenya government is promoting the use of modern methods ...

The African Development Corridors Database: a New Tool to Assess the Impacts of Infrastructure Investments

Tuti, Timothy; Jalemba, Aluvaala; Chelangat, Daisy; Mbevi, George; Wainaina, John; Mumelo, Livingstone; Wairoto, Kefa; Mochache, Dolphine; Irimu, Grace; Maina, Michuki; Clinical Information Network Group; English, Mike (University of Nairobi, 2022)

The objectives of this study were to (1)explore the quality of clinical data generated from hospitals providing in-patient neonatal care participating in a clinical information network (CIN) and whether data improved over ...

We Asked the Experts: The Tropical Surgeon: Everywhere in Chains But Not Imprisoned

Ubom, Akaninyene E; Sowemimo, Oluwaseun O; Ng’ayu, Nyawira W (University of Nairobi, 2022)

Surgical practice in the tropics very much reminds one of the famous quote attributed to Jean-Jacques Rousseau: ‘‘Man is born free, but he is everywhere in chains’’. The numerous and onerous challenges of tropical ...

Concentrations of thiocyanate, hypothiocyanite, ‘free’ and ‘total’ lysozyme, lactoferrin and secretory lgA in resting and stimulated whole saliva of children aged 12–14 years and the relationship with plaque accumulation and gingivitis

Jalil, R. A; Ashley, F. P; Wilson, R. F; Wagaiyu, E. G (University of Nairobi, 1993)

Resting and stimulated whole saliva was collected from 94 children aged 12–14 years and analyzed for thiocyanate, hypothiocyanite, ‘free’ and ‘total’ lysozyme, lactoferrin and secretory IgA. Clinical assessments of the ...