Browsing BioMedical Journal Articles by Title
Now showing items 92-111 of 201
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Immune Quiescence: a model of protection against HIV infection
(2013-11-20)Abstract Aberrant immune activation is a strong correlate of HIV disease progression, but little is known about how immune activation alters susceptibility to HIV infection. Susceptibility to HIV infection varies between ... -
Impact of disaster-related mortality on gross domestic product in the WHO African Region
(2004-03-15)Abstract Background Disaster-related mortality is a growing public health concern in the African Region. These deaths are hypothesized ... -
Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on hematological indices among HIV-1 infected children at Kenyatta National Hospital-Kenya: retrospective study.
(University of Nairobi, 2015)BACKGROUND: HIV infected children experience a range of hematological complications which show marked improvement within 6 months of initiating anti-retroviral therapy. The Objectives of the study was to describe the ... -
Implementation experience during an eighteen month intervention to improve paediatric and newborn care in Kenyan district hospitals
(2009-07-23)Abstract Background We have conducted an intervention study aiming to improve hospital care for children and newborns in Kenya. In ... -
Implementation of a structured paediatric admission record for district hospitals in Kenya - results of a pilot study
(2006-07-20)Abstract Background The structured admission form is an apparently simple measure to improve data quality. Poor motivation, ... -
Improvement of a synthetic lure for Anopheles gambiae using compounds produced by human skin microbiota
(2011-02-08)Abstract Background Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto is considered to be highly anthropophilic and volatiles of human origin provide essential cues during its host-seeking behaviour. A synthetic blend of three human-derived ... -
Improving adherence to ante-retroviral treatment for people with harmful alcohol use in Kariobangi, Kenya through participatory research and action
(2012-08-20)Abstract Background Harmful alcohol use has been linked to the spread of HIV in Kenya. It also adversely affects those on antiretroviral (ARV) treatment through poor compliance. This study using ... -
Improving educational achievement and anaemia among school children: design of a cluster randomised trial of school-based malaria prevention and enhanced literacy instruction in Kenya
(2010-10-07)Abstract Background Improving the health of school-aged children can yield substantial benefits for cognitive development and educational achievement. However, there is limited experimental evidence on the benefits of ... -
In search for an explanation to the upsurge in infant mortality in Kenya during the 1988-2003 period
(2012-06-18)AbstractBackgroundIn Kenya, infant mortality rate increased from 59 deaths per 1000 live births in 1988 to 78 deaths per 1000 live births by 2003. This was an increase of about 32 percent in 15 years. The reasons ... -
Industrial air pollution in rural Kenya: community awareness, risk perception and associations between risk variables
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)Background Developing countries have limited air quality management systems due to inadequate legislation and lack of political will, among other challenges. Maintaining a balance between economic development and ... -
Information needs of health care workers in developing countries: a literature review with a focus on Africa
(2009-04-08)Abstract Health care workers in developing countries continue to lack access to basic, practical information to enable them to deliver safe, effective care. This paper provides the first phase of ... -
Innovative tools and OpenHDS for health and demographic surveillance on Rusinga Island, Kenya
(2015-09-01)Abstract Background Health in low and middle income countries is on one hand characterized by a high burden associated with preventable communicable diseases and on the other ... -
Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: knowledge translation and effective communication.
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)BACKGROUND: Local health systems research (HSR) provides policymakers and practitioners with contextual, evidence based solutions to health problems. However, producers and users of HSR rarely understand the complexities ... -
Integrated mosquito larval source management reduces larval numbers in two highland villages in western Kenya
(2012-05-18)AbstractBackgroundIn western Kenya, malaria remains one of the major health problems and its control remains an important public health measure. Malaria control is by either use of drugs to treat patients infected with ... -
Is universal health coverage the practical expression of the right to health care?
(University of Nairobi, 2014)The present Millennium Development Goals are set to expire in 2015 and their next iteration is now being discussed within the international community. With regards to health, the World Health Organization proposes universal ... -
Joint modelling of repeated measurements and event time: Application to performance traits and survival of lambs bred in sub-humid tropics
(2005-03-15)Abstract We considered the analysis of a study for Dorper, Red Maasai and crossbred lambs born over a period of 6 years at the Diani Estate, Kenya. The study was designed to compare survival and ... -
Knowledge, practices and perceptions of trachoma and its control among communities of Narok County, Kenya
(Springer, 2016-07)Background Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness in the world. It is commonly found in cultural groups with poor hygiene. Trachoma control includes Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness and Environmental ... -
Larvicidal effects of a neem (Azadirachta indica) oil formulation on the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae
(2007-05-22)Abstract Background Larviciding is a key strategy used in many vector control programmes around the world. Costs could be reduced ... -
Lessons on the relationship between livestock husbandry and biodiversity from the Kenya Long-term Exclosure Experiment (KLEE)
(2012-09-28)AbstractAlthough livestock and wildlife share most of their ranges worldwide, little controlled experimental research has been done on their interactions. Since 1995 we have been manipulating the presence of cattle and ... -
Limitation of using synthetic human odours to test mosquito repellents
(2009-07-07)Abstract Background Gold-standard tests of mosquito repellents involve exposing human volunteers to host-seeking mosquitoes, to ...