Effectiveness of the Horizontal, Vertical and Hybrid Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Systems in Polishing Municipal Wastewater.
Date
2017Author
Koech, OK
Otieno, AO
Karuku, GN
Raude, JM
Type
ArticleLanguage
enMetadata
Show full item recordAbstract
This study aimed at comparing the performance of horizontal, vertical and hybrid subsurface
flow system in polishing wastewater effluent from the maturation pond at Gusii wastewater
treatment plant, Kenya. The treatments were monitored for six weeks duration for chemical
oxygen demand, total suspended solids, total nitrogen and total phosphorous against Kenya’s
National Environmental Management Authority standards for effluent discharge. Among the
systems planted with Vetiver grass, the hybrid subsurface flow system significantly removed
the pollutants more efficiently than the single operated systems. The Vetiver planted hybrid
subsurface flow wetland systems achieved the highest removal of COD, TN, TP and TSS at
82.4, 87.9, 65 and 94.6%, respectively as compared to other wetland systems. The planted
vertical subsurface flow removed COD, TN and TP at 72.9, 75.7, and 50.7%, respectively
more efficiently than the horizontal subsurface flow system that achieved removal of COD,
TN and TP at 65.3, 70.0 and 43.8%, respectively. The planted horizontal subsurface flow
wetland however showed better TSS removal at 89.9% compared to 83.2% achieved by
vertical subsurface flow system. The unplanted systems exhibited a similar trend whereby the
hybrid subsurface flow systems achieved better performance than the single systems though
with significantly (P≤0.05) lower organics and nutrients removal efficiencies compared to the
planted systems.
URI
https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/oscarkip/publications/effectiveness-horizontal-vertical-and-hybrid-subsurface-flow-constructed-wetlahttp://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/153573
Citation
Otieno AO, Karuku GN, Raude JM, Koech OK. "Effectiveness of the Horizontal, Vertical and Hybrid Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland Systems in Polishing Municipal Wastewater." Environmental Management and Sustainable Development. 2017;6(2):158-173.Publisher
University of Nairobi
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesUsage Rights
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/Collections
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