The Status of Violent Extremism Early Warning Communication a Case Study of Nyumba Kumi Initiative in Kwale County

Abstract

Often, prevention and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) programs take reactionary approaches aimed at tackling the consequences of extremism only after extremist violence (VE) has erupted. Yet, literature shows that the primacy of Early Warning and Early Response (EWER) preventive mechanisms is critical. This study is an assessment of EWER mechanisms in P/CVE in Kwale County. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design and the sample size was determined based on principle of information power for respondents in qualitative research and principle of saturation in quantitative research. Non-probability sampling using purposive, expert, convenience and snowball techniques was employed to select respondents. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected through mixed methods, employing techniques like questionnaire, Focus Group Discussions and Key Informant Interviews guides. Collected data was subjected to statistical analysis. Findings revealed challenges in mitigating P/CVE including problem of definition and contextualization of VE, diversity and fluidity of drivers of VE, disconnect and lack of trust between stakeholders especially between the community and government security structures have a direct impact on development, adoption and application of EWER initiatives. The study concludes by identifying aspects critical in the improvement of existing EWER initiatives. These include clear interpretation and agreement on terms used in VE discourse, bridging trust and confidentiality gaps between and among stakeholders, security of personal data and observation of personal rights, de-securitization of relationships between the community and security structures, recognition of specific gender roles in EWER and capacity building on EWER.