Correlation Between Postvoid Residual Urine Volume and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms as Measured by International Prostate Symptom Score in Patients With Benign Prostate Enlargement in Knh
Abstract
Background: Post Void Residual Urine Volume (PVR) is a widely used diagnostic tool for
assessment of Benign Prostatic Enlargement (BPE) due to its procedural simplicity,
availability and cost. However, its diagnostic accuracy in determining severity of Lower
Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) and threshold of what constitutes significant PVR has long
been in contention. This study sought to establish the diagnostic accuracy and clinical value
of PVR in determining severity of LUTS amongst BPE patients.
Objective: To determine the correlation between PVR and severity of LUTS as measured by
IPSS.
Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional analytical study where 67 patients
undergoing treatment for BPE at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) Urology clinics were
recruited into the study by consecutive sampling. Data collected was patient’s International
Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS) and PVR. The severity of LUTS was assessed and
categorized with the validated IPSS score questionnaire into mild, moderate and severe
LUTS. PVR was assessed using trans-abdominal bladder ultrasound after micturition. This
was done as part of the routine Kidney Ureter and bladder ultrasound (KUB) ultrasound. The
data obtained was entered into SPSS version 24 software for analysis. Bivariate analysis was
done to determine the association between PVR and IPSS score and correlation between the
two done using Spearman’s Rho correlation Test. A p value of 0.05 and confidence interval
of 95% was used to determine significance of collected data.
PVR was categorized into groups based on IPSS score to determine the PVR ranges for mild,
moderate and severe IPSS. Receiver operating curves (ROC) were used to determine to cutXI
off values for specific classifications of PVR based on IPSS score. Further bivariate analysis
using Chi square test was done to assess association between categories of IPSS and
categories of PVR.
Results:
67 patients were recruited into the study. The average age was 66 years. PVR mean was
112mls with a range of 0- 1011mls. Average prostate volume was 69.4cc range 10- 235cc.
Mean IPSS score was 18, range 0- 35. There was a positive correlation between IPSS and
PVR; this was found to be statistically significant (p value <0.001). Using Receiver operating
curve (ROC), PVR cutoff values for mild, moderate and severe LUTS were established at
24mls, 111mls and 345 mls respectively.
Publisher
University of Nairobi
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesUsage Rights
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/Collections
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