Tourism Destination Competitiveness Across Eastern and Southern Africa: an Application of the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index

Abstract

The growing competition among tourism destinations reflects the increasing global demand for travel experiences and the necessity for destinations to differentiate themselves to attract more visitors. Despite the steady growth in tourist numbers and revenues across Africa, the pace of development in Sub-Saharan Africa lags behind many global tourist destinations including some of those in Northern Africa. To empower policymakers and stakeholders with the knowledge to formulate strategies that enhance their regions' appeal, this study investigated destination competitiveness across Eastern and Southern Africa by examining the factors that drive competitiveness. The study utilized the feasible generalized least squares (GLS) method for panel data analysis with random effects. The results highlighted the significance of International Openness as a key driver thus calling for robust policies aimed at removing travel barriers and bolstering connectivity. Other drivers included factors such as Human Resources, Natural Resources and ICT. The scope of the research spanned 14 countries in the region that offer a similar tourist experience. Ultimately, this research is meant to equip policymakers to promote a competitive tourism industry across Eastern and Southern Africa.