dc.contributor.author | Muchuka, Hussein M | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2024-07-19T08:47:51Z | |
dc.date.available | 2024-07-19T08:47:51Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/165141 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Periodontal disease prevalence is high globally as well as in Kenya affecting about 80%
of the population. Rheumatoid arthritis prevalence in Kenya was estimated to be about 4.3 million
people in 2018. Both periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis being multifactorial complex
diseases, have similar aetiopathogenetic mechanisms of chronic inflammation and bone destruction.
Periodontal and rheumatoid diseases lead to significant morbidity, with periodontal disease (PD)
eventually causing tooth loss and loss of masticatory function, while RA leads to loss of joint function
and mobility. Together, development of both diseases brings considerable consequences for public
health and for the quality of life of affected individuals.
Study Objective: To investigate the status of periodontal disease and relate it to the severity of
rheumatoid arthritis in patients attending the Rheumatoid Outpatient Clinic (ROPC) at Kenyatta
National Hospital (KNH).
Setting: Rheumatoid Outpatient Clinic at the Kenyatta National Hospital.
Study design: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study.
Study participants: The study participants were patients above 18 years of age who were already
diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and visiting the Rheumatology Outpatient Clinic (ROPC)
Materials and methods: Eighty-six (86) participants who fitted the inclusion criteria were recruited
into the study by using non probability convenient sampling method. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease
activity was determined using Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI). Oral hygiene was assessed
using Turesky et al modified Quigley Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI) while gingival status determination
was carried out using (Loe and Silness,1963). Periodontal examination was based on the Basic
Periodontal Examination (BPE). Bio-data and social demographic information was obtained through a
questionnaire. Severity of rheumatoid arthritis was assessed using Clinical Disease Activity Index
(CDAI) by simple summation of the number of tender joints and swollen joints from the 28-joint
count pattern, the patient’s global assessment of disease activity and the provider/physician global
assessment of disease activity.
Data Management and Analysis: Data collected were coded and entered into a computer. Cleaning
of the data was done thereafter it was subjected to analysis using SPSS Version 23.0 for Windows
(SPSS Inc Illinois, Chicago, USA). Obtained results are presented in the form of text, frequency
diagrams, graphs tables, pie charts among others.
Results: A total of 86 cases was included in the study. The age ranged from 18 – 82 with a mean age
of 52.17 (+16.19 SD), a median of 55 and a mode of 45 years. Majority, 60 (69.8%) had moderate to
severe gingival inflammation while 26 (30.2%) had mild gingival inflammation Also, according to
CDAI, the majority of patients had moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. There was
no association found between the status of periodontal disease and the severity of rheumatoid arthritis.
(t 0.70 p 0.49)
Conclusion:
The study did not find any association between periodontal disease and the levels of rheumatoid
arthritis disease activity in patients already diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis.
Recommendations
Based on the findings of this study, the following was recommended.
a. Known RA arthritis patients need periodontal examination and treatment where
necessary.
b. To determine the timing of these two diseases and effect of periodontal disease on
severity of rheumatoid arthritis, longitudinal studies and more research is required. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | University of Nairobi | en_US |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/ | * |
dc.subject | Periodontal Status, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Kenyatta National Hospital | en_US |
dc.title | Periodontal Status in Relation to Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis Among Patients Attending the Kenyatta National Hospital | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
dc.description.department | a
Department of Psychiatry, University of Nairobi, ; bDepartment of Mental Health, School of Medicine,
Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya | |