Early response to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected Kenyan children.
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Date
2007Author
Wamalwa, DC
Farquhar, C
Obimbo, EM
Selig, S
Mbori-Ngacha, DA
Type
ArticleLanguage
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To describe the early response to World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-1-infected Kenyan children unexposed to nevirapine. Observational prospective cohort. HIV-1 RNA level, CD4 lymphocyte count, weight for age z score, and height for age z score were measured before the initiation of HAART and every 3 to 6 months thereafter. Children received no nutritional supplements. Sixty-seven HIV-1-infected children were followed for a median of 9 months between August 2004 and November 2005. Forty-seven (70%) used zidovudine, lamivudine (3TC), and an NNRTI (nevirapine or efavirenz), whereas 25% used stavudine (d4T), 3TC, and an NNRTI. Nevirapine was used as the NNRTI by 46 (69%) children, and individual antiretroviral drug formulations were used by 63 (94%), with only 4 (6%) using a fixed-dose combination of d4T, 3TC, and nevirapine (Triomune; Cipla, Mumbai, India). In 52 children, the median height for age z score and weight for age z score rose from -2.54 to -2.17 (P<0.001) and from -2.30 to -1.67 (P=0.001), respectively, after 6 months of HAART. Hospitalization rates were significantly reduced after 6 months of HAART (17% vs. 58%; P<0.001). The median absolute CD4 count increased from 326 to 536 cells/microL (P<0.001), the median CD4 lymphocyte percentage rose from 5.8% before treatment to 15.4% (P<0.001), and the median viral load fell from 5.9 to 2.2 log10 copies/mL after 6 months of HAART (P<0.001). Among 43 infants, 47% and 67% achieved viral suppression to less than 100 copies/mL and 400 copies/mL, respectively, after 6 months of HAART. Good early clinical and virologic response to NNRTI-based HAART was observed in HIV-1-infected Kenyan children with advanced HIV-1 disease.
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http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/50008http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17356470
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3380073/
Citation
C., DRWAMALWADALTON, MBORI- PROFNGACHADOROTHYA, ELIZABETH DROBIMBO. 2007. Early response to highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1-infected Kenyan children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr . 2007 Jul 1; 45 ( 3 ): 311-7 . PMID: 17356470 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Wamalwa DC, Farquhar C, Obimbo EM, Selig S, Mbori-Ngacha DA. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr . 2007 Jul 1; 45 ( 3 ): 311-7 .. : Kisipan, M.L.Publisher
University of Nairobi
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- Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) [10387]