Prevalence Of Lifestyle Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients At Kenyatta National Hospital (Nairobi, Kenya)
Abstract
Introduction
Modification of lifestyle risk factors like exercise, diet, alcoholism and smoking is
important in management of diabetes (5,6). Urbanisation in Kenya is likely to affect
adherence to lifestyle changes. No studies have looked at lifestyle adherence among
diabetes patients in Kenya.
Methodology
This descriptive cross sectional survey assessed the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors
among Kenyatta National Hospital diabetic clinic patients and how this relates to diabetes
control. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic as well as
biophysical and biochemical data (weight, height, blood pressure & random blood sugar)
from each patient.
Results and analysis
Majority of the respondents (85%) consume less than the WHO recommended five
servings of fruits and vegetables per day and a significant number (42%) is not involved
in any type of moderate intensity physical exercise. Forty seven percent of those who
exercise do so for less than 5 days in a week. The prevalence of alcohol consumption
(6.4%) and smoking (3%) is low. Moderate physical activity and consumption of fruits
and vegetables was associated with better blood sugar control while gender, level of
education and working status were found to be important factors in lifestyle practices.
Conclusion
Lifestyle modification needs to be emphasized in diabetes management. There is need for
a population-based study on the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors for diabetes and other
non-communicable diseases.