Prevalence Of Lifestyle Risk Factors Among Diabetic Patients At Kenyatta National Hospital (Nairobi, Kenya)

Abstract

Introduction Modification of lifestyle risk factors like exercise, diet, alcoholism and smoking is important in management of diabetes (5,6). Urbanisation in Kenya is likely to affect adherence to lifestyle changes. No studies have looked at lifestyle adherence among diabetes patients in Kenya. Methodology This descriptive cross sectional survey assessed the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors among Kenyatta National Hospital diabetic clinic patients and how this relates to diabetes control. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio demographic as well as biophysical and biochemical data (weight, height, blood pressure & random blood sugar) from each patient. Results and analysis Majority of the respondents (85%) consume less than the WHO recommended five servings of fruits and vegetables per day and a significant number (42%) is not involved in any type of moderate intensity physical exercise. Forty seven percent of those who exercise do so for less than 5 days in a week. The prevalence of alcohol consumption (6.4%) and smoking (3%) is low. Moderate physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables was associated with better blood sugar control while gender, level of education and working status were found to be important factors in lifestyle practices. Conclusion Lifestyle modification needs to be emphasized in diabetes management. There is need for a population-based study on the prevalence of lifestyle risk factors for diabetes and other non-communicable diseases.