Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2361-2380 of 29885
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Drivers of women's sanitation practices in informal settlements in sub-Saharan Africa: a qualitative study in Mathare Valley, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Despite evidence suggesting women are disproportionately a ff ected by the lack of adequate and safe sanitation facilities around the world, there is limited information about the factors that in fl uence women ’ s ... -
Analysis of Fish Commonly Sold in Local Supermarkets Reveals the Presence of Pathogenic and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Communities
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Fish has been an important source of proteins, essential vitamins, and low saturated fats for centuries. However, improperly handled fish can expose consumers to infectious bacteria, including difficult to treat ... -
Using safe, affordable and accessible non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce the number of HIV target cells in the blood and at the female genital tract.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)INTRODUCTION: At its basic level, HIV infection requires a replication-competent virus and a susceptible target cell. Elevated levels of vaginal inflammation has been associated with the increased risk of HIV infection ... -
High-risk HPV-RNA screening of physician- and self-collected specimens for detection of cervical lesions among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)OBJECTIVE: To compare accuracy of detecting high-grade cervical lesions (squamous intraepithelial lesions or greater, HSIL+) by high-risk HPV messenger RNA (hrHPV-RNA) testing between physician- and self-collected ... -
Dispensing of Antimicrobials in Kenya: A Cross-sectional Pilot Study and Its Implications.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent of self-medication of antibiotics and dispensing practices in Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at three selected pharmacies ... -
Performance evaluation of five commercial assays in assessing seroprevalence of HEV antibodies among blood donors.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)INTRODUCTION: Although hepatitis E virus (HEV) is mainly transmitted via the faecal-oral route, the rate of HEV transmission via blood donation is on the rise. However, the seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors is ... -
Prevention against malaria before the first antenatal visit and absence of anaemia at the first visit were protective from low birth weight: results from a South Kivu cohort, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Background: There is little information on the causes of low birth weight (LBW, <2500 g) in South Kivu. The authors determined the prevalence of LBW among full-term newborns, and its relationship with malaria and anaemia ... -
A facility-based study of women' satisfaction and perceived quality of reproductive and maternal health services in the Kenya output-based approach voucher program.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: This is a facility-based study designed to assess perceived quality of care and satisfaction of reproductive health services under the output-based approach (OBA) services in Kenya from clients' perspectiv ... -
Circumcision status at HIV infection is not associated with plasma viral load in men: analysis of specimens from a randomized controlled trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Background Male circumcision provides men with approximately 60% protection from acquiring HIV infection via heterosexual sex, and has become a key component of HIV prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa. Possible ... -
Prevalence and Data Availability of Early Childhood Caries in 193 United Nations Countries, 2007-2017.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between health care system and economic factors and early childhood caries (ECC) data availability and prevalence. METHODS: We estimated ECC data for 193 United Nations countries ... -
Vasculitis in Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2018)PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Systemic vasculitides are characterized by inflammation of blood vessel walls leading to a myriad of organ disorders depending on the size, site, and location of the affected blood vessel. The ... -
Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy In Mn2VIn (001) Films: An Ab Initio Study
(University of Nairobi, 2018)First principles study of the magnetic anisotropy of Mn2VIn (001) films show perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), which increases as a function of the thickness of the film. Density functional theory (DFT) as implemented ... -
Innovation challenges encountered by small and medium enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2018)The current business environment is characterized by tough and unpredictable competitions. All organizations, regardless of their size and scope of operation are faced with tough competition challenges and in order ... -
Adapting clinical practice guidelines for diabetic retinopathy in Kenya: process and outputs
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Background The use of clinical practice guidelines envisages augmenting quality and best practice in clinical outcomes. Generic guidelines that are not adapted for local use often fail to produce these outcomes. Adaptation ... -
Climate change and pastoralists: perceptions and adaptation in montane Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Tropical montane forests are amongst the most threatened ecosystems by climate change. However, little is known about climatic changes already observed in these montane areas in Africa, or the adaptation strategies used ... -
Quantification of carbon stocks in Mount Marsabit Forest Reserve, a sub-humid montane forest in northern Kenya under anthropogenic disturbance
(University of Nairobi, 2018)The quantification of carbon stocks is vital for decision making in forest management, carbon stock change assessment and scientific applications. We applied the land degradation surveillance framework (LDSF) method with ... -
Factors affecting asynchronous e-learning quality in developing countries university settings
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Despite the potential of Learning Management System (LMS) supported asynchronous e-learning to improve asynchronous e-learning system quality by enhancing learning effectiveness and academic achievement of HEIs , several ... -
A co-integration analysis of the interdependencies between crude oil and distillate fuel prices
(University of Nairobi, 2018)The co-evolution and co-movement of financial time series are of utmost importance in contemporary finance, especially when considering the joint behaviour of asset price realizations. The ability to model interdependencies ... -
Influence of annealing temperature on some optical and structural properties of Cu2ZnSnS4 deposited by CZT co-electrodeposition coupled with chemical bath technique
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) is currently most efficient thin film solar technology in use but it is faced with problems of material scarcity and toxicity. An alternative earth abundant and non-toxic materials ... -
A rapid MRI reconstruction method based on compressive sampling and concomitant artifacts suppression
(University of Nairobi, 2018)In this paper, a proposed rapid Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction method is presented. The method is based on the compressibility of the images in the wavelet domain and suppression of the resulting artifacts. ...