Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2781-2800 of 29885
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Trends in clinical characteristics and outcomes of Pre-ART care at a large HIV clinic in Nairobi, Kenya: a retrospective cohort study.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: The success of antiretroviral therapy in resource-scarce settings is an illustration that complex healthcare interventions can be successfully delivered even in fragile health systems. Documenting the success ... -
Towards a Sexual Offences Law: Reappraising the Legal Framework on Sexual Violence in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2005)Sexual violence is a public health problem and a violation of human rights.' Violence is defined as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person or against a group ... -
Building a rheumatology team for east Africa: a call for action!
(University of Nairobi, 2016)The East Africa region comprising Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda has an estimated population of 160 million [1], yet only has six rheumatologists. The challenge to meet the needs of so many people is therefore ... -
Changes in blood pressure levels and antihypertensive medication use before and after renal transplantation among patients in Nairobi, Kenya: a comparative cross-sectional study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Objectives. To determine the changes in blood pressure levels and antihypertensive medication use in the postrenal transplantation period compared to pretransplantation one. Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study was ... -
Quality of sleep and risk for obstructive sleep apnoea in ambulant individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a tertiary Referral Hospital in Kenya: a cross-sectional, comparative study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders are common and associated with multiple metabolic and psychological derangements. Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is among the most common sleep disorders and an inter-relationship between ... -
A "Right to Peace" and Prosecuting the Crime of Aggression
(University of Nairobi, 2005)In discussing the legality or illegality of the use of force and its normative manifestation there is a universal yet inarticulate major premise posited, that at its simplest says, 'there is a right to peace". This right ... -
An Analysis of Section 4a of the Kenyan Income Tax Act, Hedging and Foreign Exchange Losses and Gains
(University of Nairobi, 2005)The one major drive in government policy in most developing countries, Kenya being no exception, has been to increase foreign direct investment. However, the need to provi,de a suitable tax system as a concomitant to ... -
Accountability and Health Care Marketization in Kenya: Why Reform Public Law
(University of Nairobi, 2005)A recent attempt by the Ministry of Health to establish a mandatory social health insurance scheme was vehemently opposed by various inter-est. groups, culminating in the withdrawal of the National Social Health Insurance ... -
Male partner circumcision associated with lower trichomonas vaginalis incidence among pregnant and postpartum kenyan women: a prospective cohort study.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: Trichomonas vaginalis is the world's most common curable STI and has implications for reproductive health in women. We determined incidence and correlates of T. vaginalis in an HIV-uninfected peripartum ... -
Genital HSV shedding among kenyan women initiating antiretroviral therapy.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVES: Genital ulcer disease (GUD) prevalence increases in the first month of antiretroviral treatment (ART), followed by a return to baseline prevalence by month 3. Since most GUD is caused by herpes simplex virus ... -
Impact of periodic presumptive treatment for bacterial vaginosis on the vaginal microbiome among women participating in the preventing vaginal infections trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background.: Evidence suggests that specific vaginal bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes in women. Among women participating in a randomized, double-blinded ... -
Low risk of proximal tubular dysfunction associated with emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate preexposure prophylaxis in men and women.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with proximal tubular dysfunction (tubulopathy) when used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We evaluated whether TDF causes ... -
Cervical cancer prevention and treatment research in Africa: a systematic review from a public health perspective.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Women living in Africa experience the highest burden of cervical cancer. Research and investment to improve vaccination, screening, and treatment efforts are critically needed. We systematically reviewed and ... -
Evaluation of a systems analysis and improvement approach to optimize prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV using the consolidated framework for implementation research.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Despite large investments to prevent mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT), pediatric HIV elimination goals are not on track in many countries. The Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach (SAIA) study was ... -
HIV prevention and care-seeking behaviour among female sex workers in four cities in India, Kenya, Mozambique and South Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: To identify gaps in the use of HIV prevention and care services and commodities for female sex workers, we conducted a baseline cross-sectional survey in four cities, in the context of an implementation ... -
Sexual and reproductive health services utilization by female sex workers is context-specific: results from a cross-sectional survey in India, Kenya, Mozambique and South Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Abstract BACKGROUND: Female sex workers (FSWs) are extremely vulnerable to adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. To mitigate these risks, they require access to services covering not only HIV prevention ... -
Lay beliefs about hypertension among HIV-infected adults in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: Hypertension affects 23% of Kenyans and is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite this, hypertension awareness and treatment adherence is very low. We conducted a ... -
Toluidine blue 0.05% vital staining for the diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)IMPORTANCE: Clinical features are unreliable for distinguishing ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) from benign conjunctival lesions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the adverse effects, accuracy, and interobserver ... -
A systematic review of interventions to improve prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission service delivery and promote retention.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: The success of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is dependent upon high retention of mother-infant pairs within these programmes. This is a systematic review to evaluate the ... -
Broad HIV-1 inhibition in vitro by vaccine-elicited cd8(+) t cells in African adults.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)We are developing a pan-clade HIV-1 T-cell vaccine HIVconsv, which could complement Env vaccines for prophylaxis and be a key to HIV cure. Our strategy focuses vaccine-elicited effector T-cells on functionally and structurally ...