The effects of harmful alcohol use on the quality of marital relationships: a study of patients at rehabilitation centres in Nairobi

Abstract

Background/Introduction: This study on the effects of harmful alcohol use on the quality of marital relationships is a result of the numerous public protests by spouses in many parts of Kenya expressing concerns over neglect by their husbands due to alcohol consumption. As indicated by Obondo (1998), heavy alcohol consumption has negative socio-economic effects on the family. The researcher identified areas that needed further research and exploration and one of the areas was on spouse coping methods. The researcher also proposed that appropriate methods for coping with alcoholism in the family needed to be recommended. Limited research has been conducted in Kenya in the area of marital relationships. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the effects harmful alcohol use has on the quality of marital relationships within our Kenyan cultural context. With the information and knowledge gained as a result of this study, the researcher hopes to recommend and carry out culture-appropriate interventions at doctorate level. Methodology: The study design was qualitative. However a socio-demographic questionnaire & Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) tool were used. Qualitative data was gathered through semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. Data was gathered from married patients admitted at various Rehabilitation Centers in Nairobi who met the inclusion criteria and who gave consent to participate in the study. The participants were screened using AUDIT to determine level of harmful alcohol use. The researcher used problem-centred interview approach. Data was collected after approval from Department of Psychiatry, KNH/UON ERC and the participating rehabilitation centres. The sampling procedure for this study was purposive sampling. Data on Socio-demographic characteristics was analyzed through excel spreadsheets and results summarized, organized and presented by frequency tables and graphs. Qualitative data was also analyzed using thematic excel spreadsheets and is presented in narratives. Results: This study finding indicates that harmful alcohol use negatively affects communication in marriage; it affects sexual relationships and plays a role in divorce & separation. It also leads to domestic violence/intimate partner violence thus affecting the overall quality of marital relationships. There is need for after-care interventions for married individuals who are battling with alcohol use disorders. This study has implications for future intervention studies in the area of alcohol use disorders and marriage. Conclusion: The study concludes that alcohol abuse negatively affects the quality of marital relationships. Recommendations: The study recommends that culture-appropriate, after-care interventions eg couple and family therapy, Al Anon/Alateen Family Groups among others be put in place to support married patients and their families after leaving rehabilitation centres