Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 1181-1200 of 10384
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A prospective cohort study of intimate partner violence and unprotected sex in hiv-positive female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)We conducted a prospective cohort study to test the hypothesis that intimate partner violence (IPV) is associated with unprotected sex in HIV-positive female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya. Women completed monthly visits ... -
Factors associated with preference for early infant male circumcision among a representative sample of parents in Homa bay county, western Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Several countries scaling-up adult medical male circumcision (MMC) for HIV prevention intend to introduce early infant male circumcision (EIMC). To assess preference for EIMC in a community with a mature adult MMC program, ... -
Improving adherence to post-cervical biopsy sexual abstinence in kenyan female sex workers.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)PROBLEM: Cervical biopsies offer a unique opportunity for studying local immune response. To investigate hormonally induced immune fluctuations in cervical tissues of Kenyan female sex workers, we improved biopsy sampling ... -
The impact of sex work interruption on blood-derived t cells in sex workers from Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Background: Unprotected sexual intercourse exposes the female genital tract (FGT) to semen-derived antigens, which leads to a proinflammatory response. Studies have shown that this postcoital inflammatory response can lead ... -
Hepatitis B infection is highly prevalent among patients presenting with jaundice in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Background Viral hepatitis is a major concern worldwide, with hepatitis A (HAV) and E (HEV) viruses showing sporadic outbreaks while hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses are associated with chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis ... -
Assessment of anti-hiv-1 antibodies in oral and nasal compartments of volunteers from 3 different populations.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)In this study, we assessed the feasibility of collecting standardized nasal and salivary samples at centers in Nairobi (Kenya), Kigali (Rwanda), and London (United Kingdom) using different collection devices and media ... -
Acceptance of treatment of sexually transmitted infections for stable sexual partners by female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Background The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among female sex workers (FSWs) in sub-Saharan Africa remains high. Providing treatment to the affected FSWs is a challenge, and more so to their stable ... -
372 The impact of road safety campaign on motor cycle related road traffic injuries in Naivasha, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Background Kenya was identified as one of the ten priority countries in the WHO led UN Decade of Action for Road Safety (2011–2020) that aimed at reducing global road crash injuries and mortality by at least 50%, through ... -
Hypnosis - A Probable Green Dentistry Application in Paediatric Dental Practice
(University of Nairobi, 2016) -
Periodontal Status of Children with Dental Fluorosis in Juja, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2015)The objective was to determine the periodontal status of children with dental fluorosis. This was done through a descriptive cross sectional study with the aim of determining the periodontal status of children aged with ... -
Evaluation of dietary habits and caries experience among children with and without hearing disability
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Objective: To determine the caries experience of children with hearing disability (HD) in comparison to children without hearing disability. The study also aimed to determine the effect of nutritional status and confectionary ... -
Factors influencing behaviour patterns in 3-5-year-old children attending three public paediatric dental clinics in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Objective: To determine factors that influence behaviour patterns in 3-5year olds attending paediatric dental clinics. Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: The School of Dental Sciences, University ... -
Early antibody lineage diversification and independent limb maturation lead to broad hiv-1 neutralization targeting the env high-mannose patch.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)The high-mannose patch on HIV Env is a preferred target for broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), but to date, no vaccination regimen has elicited bnAbs against this region. Here, we present the development of a bnAb ... -
Sugar consumption and dental caries experience in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Introduction: There have been claims that dental caries experience and prevalence in Kenya has been increasing as a result of increased sugar consumption. A review of the literature in 1986 failed to link dental caries ... -
Periodic presumptive treatment for vaginal infections may reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted bacterial infections.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) may increase women's susceptibility to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In a randomized trial of periodic presumptive treatment (PPT) to reduce vaginal infections, we observed ... -
Daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis to prevent mortality in children with complicated severe acute malnutrition: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Background Children with complicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM) have a greatly increased risk of mortality from infections while in hospital and after discharge. In HIV-infected children, mortality and admission ... -
Hiv-1 neutralizing antibodies with limited hypermutation from an infant.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) develop in a subset of infected adults and exhibit high levels of somatic hypermutation (SHM) due to years of affinity maturation. There is no precedent for eliciting highly ... -
PrEP for key populations in combination HIV prevention in Nairobi: a mathematical modelling study
(University of Nairobi, 2017-11)Background The HIV epidemic in the population of Nairobi as a whole is in decline, but a concentrated sub-epidemic persists in key populations. We aimed to identify an optimal portfolio of interventions to reduce HIV ... -
Vertical cytomegalovirus transmission from hiv-infected women randomized to formula-feed or breastfeed their infants.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with morbidity and mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-exposed infants. We assessed the effect of and relative contribution of breastfeeding to CMV acquisition ... -
The stigma of exclusive breastfeeding among both Hiv-positive and Hiv-negative women in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Abstract BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) means giving only breast milk to an infant. Although it is the optimal mode of feeding for infants younger than 6 months, its prevalence is low in HIV-endemic regions. ...