Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2021-2040 of 10385
-
Changes in sexual risk behavior in the mombasa cohort: 1993-2007.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)The Mombasa Cohort is an open cohort study following HIV-seronegative women reporting transactional sex. Established in 1993, the cohort provides regular HIV counseling and testing at monthly visits. Over time, HIV acquisition ... -
Characteristics, complications, and gaps in evidence-based interventions in rheumatic heart disease: the global rheumatic heart disease registry (the remedy study).
(University of Nairobi, 2014)AIMS: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) accounts for over a million premature deaths annually; however, there is little contemporary information on presentation, complications, and treatment. METHODS AND RESULTS: This ... -
Effect of Education of Primary Health Care Workers on HIV-related Oral Lesions in Nairobi East District
(2012)An estimated 90% of HIV-infected people are likely to develop oral lesions in the course of HIV infection. Oro-pharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), an early marker for HIV-infection, can be diagnosed during an oral examination ... -
Assessing cost and technical efficiency of HIV prevention interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: the ORPHEA study design and methods
(2014)Background Scaling up services to achieve HIV targets will require that countries optimize the use of available funding. Robust unit cost estimates are essential for the better use of resources, and information on the ... -
Ocular Morbidity and Health Seeking Behaviour in Kwara State, Nigeria: Implications for Delivery of Eye Care Services
(University of Nairobi, 2014)Background There is currently limited information as to which conditions are most prevalent in communities in developing countries. This makes effective planning of eye services difficult. Methods 3,899 eligible ... -
Prevalence and outcomes of acute kidney injury in term neonates with perinatal asphyxia
(2014)Background The kidney is the most damaged organ in asphyxiated full-term infants. The severity of its damage is correlated with the severity of neurological damage. We determined the prevalence of perinatal asphyxia-associated ... -
Acceptability and Feasibility of Repeated Mucosal Specimen Collection in Clinical Trial Participants in Kenya
(2014)Mucosal specimens are essential to evaluate compartmentalized immune responses to HIV vaccine candidates and other mucosally targeted investigational products. We studied the acceptability and feasibility of repeated mucosal ... -
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Kenya: challenges to implementation
(2014)Background The prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is lauded as one of the more successful HIV prevention measures. However, despite some gains in the prevention of mother-to-child ... -
Presence of CD8+ T Cells in the Ectocervical Mucosa Correlates with Genital Viral Shedding in HIV-Infected Women despite a Low Prevalence of HIV RNA–Expressing Cells in the Tissue
(2014)The female genital tract is a portal of entry for sexual HIV transmission and a possible viral reservoir. In this study, the ectocervical CD8+ T cell distribution was explored in situ and was related to expression of CD3 ... -
Medical and nursing students' intentions to work abroad or in rural areas: a cross-sectional survey in Asia and Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2014)Objective To assess medical and nursing students’ intentions to migrate abroad or practice in rural areas. Methods We surveyed 3199 first- and final-year medical and nursing students at 16 premier government ... -
Sharing perspectives and experiences of doctoral fellows in the first cohort of Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa: 2011–2014
(2014)Background Resolution of public health problems in Africa remains a challenge because of insufficient skilled human resource capacity. The Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA) was established to ... -
Developing content for a mhealth intervention to promote postpartum retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programs and early infant diagnosis of HIV: a qualitative study
(University of Nairobi, 2014)Background Maternal attendance at postnatal clinic visits and timely diagnosis of infant HIV infection are important steps for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. We aimed to use theory-informed ... -
A Community-based Oral Health Promotion Model for HIV Patients in Nairobi, East District in Kenya: a Study Protocol
(University of Nairobi, 2013)General HIV-related orofacial lesions, most commonly oropharyngeal candidiasis, have a typical clinical appearance and can be recognised by members of the community. Although affected patients often experience pain leading ... -
Shame, Guilt, and Stress: Community Perceptions of Barriers to Engaging in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) Programs in Western Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2014)While global scale-up of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services has been expansive, only half of HIV-infected pregnant women receive antiretroviral regimens for PMTCT in sub-Saharan Africa. To ... -
HIV type 1 transmission networks among men having sex with men and heterosexuals in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2014)We performed a molecular phylogenetic study on HIV-1 polymerase sequences of men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexual patient samples in Kenya to characterize any observed HIV-1 transmission networks. HIV-1 polymerase ... -
Exclusive breastfeeding practice: its implication on nutrition status, growth and morbidity pattern among infants aged 0-6 months
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01)Breast - feeding is an important determinant of a child’s nutritional status that eventually influences his/her growth and development. This study sought to assess the exclusive breastfeeding rate and determine its ... -
Occurrence of crystal arthropathy in patients presenting with synovitis in Nairobi
(2014)Background: Crystal arthropathies represent a heterogeneous group of skeletal (musculo-skeletal) diseases associated with the deposition of mineralized material within joints and periarticular soft tissues. Gout is the ... -
HIV-1 Tat induces DNMT over-expression through microRNA dysregulation in HIV-related non Hodgkin lymphomas
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)Background A close association between HIV infection and the development of cancer exists. Although the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy has changed the epidemiology of AIDS-associated malignancies, a ... -
Kenyan medical student and consultant experiences in a pilot decentralized training program at the University of Nairobi
(2014)Over the past decade, the University of Nairobi (UoN) has increased the number of enrolled medical students threefold in response to the growing need for more doctors. This has resulted in a congested clinical training ...