Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2101-2120 of 10385
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Characterization of CD8+ T Cell Epitopes Recognizing HIV-1 Epitope Variants
(University Of Nairobi, 2011)Background: One major challenge in the creation of an HIV-1 vaccine is the extreme genetic diversity of the virus. It is thought that a more cross-reactive T-cell response would be beneficial in circumventing this issue. ... -
Prevalence of hearing loss in children following bacterial meningitis in a tertiary referral hospital
(2014)Background This study aimed to examine hearing function in a group of children aged between the ages of six months and twelve years admitted with bacterial meningitis so as to determine the prevalence and degree of ... -
Examination of a Second Region of the HIV Type 1 Genome Reveals Additional Cases of Superinfection
(University of Nairobi, 2008-09)HIV-1 superinfection may occur at a rate similar to that of initial infection, raising concerns for HIV-1 vaccine strategies predicated on eliciting immune responses similar to those in natural infection. Because of the ... -
Evidence for Frequent Reinfection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 of a Different Subtype
(University of Nairobi, 2005-08)A major premise underlying current human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccine approaches is that preexisting HIV-1-specific immunity will block or reduce infection. However, the recent identification of several ... -
Oral HHV‐8 replication among women in Mombasa, Kenya
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) replication in the oropharynx may play an important role in HHV-8 transmission and contribute to the development of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in some individuals. Studies in the United States and ... -
HIV-1 Subtype D Infection Is Associated with Faster Disease Progression than Subtype A in Spite of Similar Plasma HIV-1 Loads
(University of Nairobi, 2007)We investigated the effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype on disease progression among 145 Kenyan women followed from the time of HIV-1 acquisition. Compared with those infected with subtype A, women ... -
Application of Brim’s and Simon’s Sequential Decision Theories in Healthcare Administration
(2014)As part of the learning process, many episodes in life become routine and habitual with people no longer deliberately paying attention to their behaviors. When individuals come across situations they have encountered before, ... -
A distinct cytokine and chemokine profile at the genital mucosa is associated with HIV-1 protection among HIV-exposed seronegative commercial sex workers
(University of Nairobi,, 2012)The predominance of HIV-1 sexual transmission requires a greater understanding of the interaction between HIV-1 and the mucosal immune system. The study of HIV-1-exposed seronegative (HESN) individuals serves as a model ... -
Caring for children with acute, treatable and preventable medical conditions
(University of Nairobi,, 2010)Parents perceive quality paediatric nursing care and interpersonal interactions between nurses, children and their parents/ guardians as caring. This article explores the nature and extent of nurse–parent/guardian interaction ... -
Neurobiology of Khat (Catha edulis Forsk)
(2014-03-17)Around 20 million individuals in eastern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula chew the fresh leaves and twigs of Catha edulis Forsk (khat) for its pyschostimulatory effect, a practice deeply rooted in their traditions and ... -
Assessment of the Feasibility of a Different HIV Vaccine Approach
(University Of Nairobi, 2011)Background: The failure of Merck STEP and Phambili trials and the modest effect of RV144 trial emphasize the importance of understanding the correlates of protective immunity. Our study showed that the epitope recognition ... -
Overview of Neglected Tropical Diseases and Conditions of the Nervous System: Past, Present and Perspectives
(2014)Neglected tropical diseases consist of a group of infectious diseases with the unifying features of being poverty-related, prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, and absent from the public health agenda in wealthy ... -
Reflections On The First Pan- African Conference On Biochemistry And Molecular Biology
(University of Nairobi, 1997-04) -
Selection and Optimization of a Mucosal Sampling Method for Application in Phase 1 Clinical Trials
(University Of Nairobi, 2013)Background: An efficacious preventive HIV vaccine will likely require induction of immune responses at mucosal surfaces. One approach is to deliver vaccines intra-nasally. A pilot study was performed in Rwanda and Kenya ... -
Some African Vignettes
(University of Nairobi, 2000)In a continent where life expectancy at birth is as low as 38 years in some communities it may come as a surprise to discover that a few people do live beyond the age of 90. This paper is a collection of vignettes of the ... -
Prevalence and causes of vision loss in sub-Saharan Africa: 1990–2010
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)Aim To estimate the magnitude, temporal trends and subregional variation in the prevalence of blindness, and moderate/severe vision impairment (MSVI) in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods A systematic review was conducted of ... -
Visceral Leishmaniasis Unresponsive To Antimonial Drugs Iii. Successful Treatment Using A Combination Of Sodium Stibogluconate Plus Allopurinol
(University of Nairobi, 1985)Five patients with long-standing visceral leishmaniasis who were unresponsive to sodium stibogluconate, 20 mg antimony/kg body-weight once or twice daily, were treated for 14 to 54 days with a combination of sodium ... -
Estimated Risk Of Placental Infection And Low Birthweight Attributable To Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria In Africa In 2010: A Modelling Study.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparum infection during pregnancy leads to adverse outcomes including low birthweight; however, contemporary estimates of the potential burden of malaria in pregnancy in Africa (in the absence ... -
Assessing the Role of Antigen-Specific CD8 + T Cells in Delayed Progression to AIDS
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background: One major challenge in the development of an HIV- 1 vaccine is the extreme genetic diversity of the virus. A more cross-reactive T-cell response would be beneficial in cir- cumventing this issue, but many ... -
Compatibility Of Stabilized Whole Blood Products With Cd4 Technologies And Their Suitability For Quality Assessment Programs
(University of Nairobi, 2014)BACKGROUND: CD4 T cell enumeration is the most widely used prognostic marker for management of HIV disease. Internal quality control and external quality assessment (EQA) programs are critical to ensure reliability of ...