Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2121-2140 of 10385
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Safety and Immunogenicity of a Candidate HIV-1 Vaccine,MVA.HIVA, Administered to Healthy Gambian Infants Born to HIV-1/2-Uninfected Mothers
(University of Nairobi, 2011-09)Background: The development of a safe and effective HIV-1 vaccine remains a global priority especially in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV-1 during breastfeeding. Our vaccine platform consists of ... -
Clinical Characteristics Associated With Mycoplasma Genitalium Among Female Sex Workers In Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2014)Prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium is higher in vulnerable populations of women in low-resource settings. However the epidemiology of infection in these populations is not well established. To determine the prevalence of ... -
Hiv-1 Superinfection Is Associated With An Accelerated Viral Load Increase But Has A Limited Impact On Disease Progression.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)OBJECTIVE HIV-1 superinfection occurs frequently in high-risk populations, but its clinical consequences remain poorly characterized. We undertook this study to determine the impact of HIV-1 superinfection on disease ... -
Analysis of 100 African Whole Genome Sequences for Natural Host Resistance to HIV-1 Infection
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background: HIV-1 exposed seronegative individuals (HESN) have been documented in diverse cohorts. Recent genome-wide studies capturing common genetic variation in European populations failed to identify HESN-associated ... -
The Expression Analysis of Glucose Transporter 1 Gene in the Pumwani Commercial Sex Worker Cohort, Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background: Altered susceptibility to HIV1 infection has been observed in multiple cohort studies. One of the best characterized HIV1 exposed yet uninfected groups is a commercial sex worker cohort from Nairobi, Kenya. ... -
Immunogenicity of Homologous and Heterologous Regimens of Ad26-Enva.01 and Ad35-Enva HIV Vaccines in HIV- Uninfected Volunteers in the U.S. and Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background: Heterologous prime boost vaccine regimens offer a promising approach to improving T cell and antibody responses. Homologous and heterologous prime boost regimens were compared using two low seroprevalence ... -
Mucosal specimen collection, processing and assay - Experience from a resource-limited setting in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background: HIV-1 infection occurs most commonly through sexual intercourse. Induction of mucosal immune responses will likely be necessary for an effective HIV vaccine. KAVI embarked on building capacity for mucosal ... -
Assessing The Ability Of Health Information Systems In Hospitals To Support Evidence-informed Decisions In Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-07)BACKGROUND: Hospital management information systems (HMIS) is a key component of national health information systems (HIS), and actions required of hospital management to support information generation in Kenya are ... -
Early Development Of Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies In HIV-1-infected Infants.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-06)Eliciting protective neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against HIV-1 is daunting because of the extensive genetic and antigenic diversity of HIV-1. Moreover, broad and potent responses are uncommon even during persistent ... -
Mode Of Delivery And Postpartum Hiv-1 Disease Progression And Mortality In A Kenyan Cohort
(University of Nairobi, 2014-08)There are limited data on the impact of cesarean section delivery on HIV-1 infected women in Sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of mode of delivery on HIV-1 disease progression and ... -
In Utero Infection with HIV-1 Associated with Suppressed Lymphoproliferative Responses at Birth.
(2014-05)In utero exposure to HIV-1 may affect the immune system of the developing child and may induce HIV-1-specific immune responses, even in the absence of HIV-1 infection. We evaluated lymphoproliferative capacity at birth ... -
Complex Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Defilement: Case Report
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)We report a case of the debilitating and lifelong complex post traumatic stress disorder. Data on rape/defilement-related complex post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is rare due to low reporting rates and misdiagnosis ... -
The Shang Ring device for adult male circumcision: a proof of concept study in Kenya
(University of Nairobi,, 2011)Objective: To assess safety, preliminary efficacy, and acceptability of the Shang Ring, a novel disposable device for adult male circumcision in Kenya. Methods: Forty HIV-negative men were recruited in Homa Bay, Kenya. ... -
Induction Of Potent And Long-lived Antibody And Cellular Immune Responses In The Genitorectal Mucosa Could Be The Critical Determinant Of HIV Vaccine Efficacy
(University of Nairobi, 2014-05)The field of HIV prevention has indeed progressed in leaps and bounds, but with major limitations of the current prevention and treatment options, the world remains desperate for an HIV vaccine. Sadly, this continues to ... -
Increased prevalence of JC polyomavirus in cervical carcinomas from women infected with HIV
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)Although subclinical persistent infections with the human polyomaviruses BKV and JCV are ubiquitous worldwide, these are known to vary in relation to diseases present and geographical location. DNAs from 220 cervical smears ... -
Khat Use, PTSD and Psychotic Symptoms among Somali Refugees in Nairobi - A Pilot Study.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-06)In East-African and Arab countries, khat leaves are traditionally chewed in social settings. They contain the amphetamine-like alkaloid cathinone. Especially among Somali refugees, khat use has been associated with psychiatric ... -
Expanding Clinical Medical Training Opportunities at the University of Nairobi: Adapting a Regional Medical Education Model From the WWAMI Program at the University of Washington.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-08)A major medical education need in Sub-Saharan Africa includes expanding clinical training opportunities to develop health professionals. Medical education expansion is a complicated process that requires significant ... -
Alcoholism And Intimate Partner Violence
(University of Nairobi,, 2008)This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study that aimed to assess and document the prevalence of and relationship between alcoholism and gender based violence (GBV) in families in Kenya. The study lasted 24 months (March ... -
Advocating For Hiv Prevention And Care A Critical Role For Older Women Living With Hiv In Rural Kenya
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)The number of older women living with HIV in Kenya is increasing. However, there are little empirical data available about their role in HIV prevention. The purpose of this study was to understand the nuanced role of older ...