Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2441-2460 of 10387
-
Mortality and burden of disease in a cohort of HIV-seropositive adults in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2004)The purposes of this study were to measure incidence and determine risk factors associated with opportunistic infections (OIs) and mortality among an HIV-infected cohort in Nairobi, Kenya. Three hundred and eighty-one ... -
The Role of Infiltrative Local Anaesthesia in Thyroidectomy
(College of Health sciences, 2013)Background: General anaesthesia is the anaesthetic agent of choice during thyroidectomy, however, recent reports there is a role for local anaesthesia. This study reports on the experience of thyroidectomy performed under ... -
A comprehensive comparison of Ziehl-Neelsen and fluorescence microscopy for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a resource-poor urban setting
(University of Nairobi, 2003)SETTING: Nairobi City Council Chest Clinic, Kenya. OBJECTIVES: To establish the efficiency, costs and cost-effectiveness of six diagnostic strategies using Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and fluorescence microscopy (FM). DESIGN: A ... -
Predictors of Breast Cancer Treatment Outcomes in Kenyan Women
(College of Health sciences, 2013)Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among Kenyan women. Worldwide data show that diverse factors including socio-economic status, co-morbidities, and expression of hormonal receptors, have effect on ... -
Nadir platelet counts in African patients on doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC); and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP).
(2010-11)AIM The aim of this study was to assess the degree and consequences of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopaenia in patients on doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC); and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and ... -
Mortality after road traffic crashes in a system with limited trauma data capability
(2014-02-13)Background Africa has 4% of the global vehicles but accounts for about one tenth of global vehicular deaths. Major trauma in Kenya is associated with excess mortality in comparison with series from trauma centers. The ... -
Why medical students choose psychiatry - a 20 country cross-sectional survey.
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)BACKGROUND: Recruitment to psychiatry is insufficient to meet projected mental health service needs world-wide. We report on the career plans of final year medical students from 20 countries, investigating factors ... -
TRIM5α And TRIM22 are Differentially Regulated according To HIV-1 Infection Phase and Compartment.
(University of Nairobi,, 2014)The antiviral role of TRIM E3 ligases in vivo is not fully understood. To test the hypothesis that TRIM5α and TRIM22 have differential transcriptional regulation and distinct anti-HIV roles according to infection phase and ... -
Dynamics of viremia in primary HIV-1 infection in Africans: Insights from analyses of host and viral correlates.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)In HIV-1 infection, plasma viral load (VL) has dual implications for pathogenesis and public health. Based on well-known patterns of HIV-1 evolution and immune escape, we hypothesized that VL is an evolving quantitative ... -
Antiretroviral therapy is not associated with reduced herpes simplex virus shedding in HIV coinfected adults: an observational cohort study.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01)OBJECTIVES: Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) may have adverse consequences on HIV type 1 infection. We quantified the frequency of HSV reactivations in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated ... -
ZnO nanoparticles induced exopolysaccharide production by B. subtilis strain JCT1 for arid soil applications.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02)ZnO nanoparticle induced exopolysaccharide (EPS) production from Bacillus subtilis strain JCT1 (NCBI GenBank Accession No. JN194187) is a novel approach for arid soil applications. In the series of investigations, ... -
Association of sex work with reduced activation of the mucosal immune system
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01)Background. Unprotected intercourse and seminal discharge are powerful activators of the mucosal immune system and are an important risk factors for HIV transmission. This study was designed to determine if female sex work ... -
Optimizing viable leukocyte sampling from the female genital tract for clinical trials: an international multi-site study
(University of Nairobi, 2014)BACKGROUND: Functional analysis of mononuclear leukocytes in the female genital mucosa is essential for understanding the immunologic effects of HIV vaccines and microbicides at the site of HIV exposure. However, the ... -
Rotavirus G and P types circulating in the eastern region of Kenya: predominance of G9 and emergence of G12 genotypes.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01)BACKGROUND: The World Health Organization has recommended that rotavirus (RV) vaccines be included in all national immunization programs as part of a strategy to control RV-associated diarrheal diseases. Hospital-based ... -
Naturally occurring protease inhibitor resistance mutations and their frequencies in HIV proviral sequences of drug-naïve sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01-07)Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 69% of the people living with HIV globally. An estimated 1,600,000 Kenyans are living with HIV-1. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has saved 9 million life-years in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, ... -
Seroprevalence of measles IgG among HIV-1-infected and uninfected Kenyan adults.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02)Despite global efforts to reduce measles incidence, outbreaks continue to occur in developing countries where HIV-1-infected adults represent a vulnerable population. Immunization campaigns have targeted children, although ... -
Young professionals for health development: the Kenyan experience in combating non-communicable diseases.
(University of Nairobi, 2013-11)Young individuals (below 35 years) comprise an estimated 60% of the global population. Not only are these individuals currently experiencing chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), either living with or at risk for these ... -
Correlates and outcomes of preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age in HIV-exposed uninfected infants.
(BMC, 2014)Preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) contribute to neonatal mortality. Maternal HIV-1 infection has been associated with an increased risk of PTB, but mechanisms underlying this ... -
Detection of Immune Responses in Mucosal T-cells in Kenya
(Kenya AIDs Vaccine Initiative (KAVI) University of Nairobi, 2013)