Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 561-580 of 10378
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Modelling the household cost of paediatric malaria treatment in a rural county in Kenya: do non-user fee payments matter? A partial cost of illness analysis
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Objective The objective of this study was to develop an econometric model for the cost of treatment of paediatric malaria from a patient perspective in a resource scarce rural setting of Homa Bay County, Kenya. We sought ... -
Characterization of occult hepatitis B in high-risk populations in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the liver or serum in the absence of detectable HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). OBI poses a risk for the development of cirrhosis ... -
Tackling an emerging epidemic: the burden of non-communicable diseases among people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is at a crossroad. Over the last decade, successes in the scale up of HIV care and treatment programs has led to a burgeoning number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in care. At the same time, an ... -
Improving Utilization of HIV Viral Load Test Results Using a Quality Improvement Collaborative in Western Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Kenya has the world's fourth largest burden of HIV, with an estimated adult HIV prevalence of 4.8% and 1.6 million people living with HIV (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2019). In response, the Government of ... -
Impact of preconception vaginal microbiota on women's risk of spontaneous preterm birth: protocol for a prospective case-cohort study
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vaginal microbiota disruption during pregnancy are associated with increased risk of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB), but clinical trials of BV treatment during pregnancy have ... -
Intimate Partner Violence, Human Rights Violations, and HIV among Women in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)This study presents qualitative results from a mixed-method investigation conducted between May and August 2012 into the prevalence and consequences of four forms of intimate partner violence among women living with HIV ... -
Zika Virus Circulates at Low Levels in Western and Coastal Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) was discovered over 70 years ago in East Africa, but little is known about its circulation and pathogenesis there. Methods: We screened 327 plasma samples collected 2-12 months after febrile ... -
What Could "Fair Allocation" during the Covid-19 Crisis Possibly Mean in Sub-Saharan Africa?
(University of Nairobi, 2020)The Covid-19 pandemic has sparked rapid and voluminous production of bioethics commentary in popular media and academic publications. Many of the discussions are new twists on an old theme: how to fairly allocate scarce ... -
Tackling an emerging epidemic: the burden of non-communicable diseases among people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is at a crossroad. Over the last decade, successes in the scale up of HIV care and treatment programs has led to a burgeoning number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in care. At the same time, an ... -
Growth patterns and their contributing factors among HIV-exposed uninfected infants
(University of Nairobi, 2020)With expanded HIV treatment and prevention programmes, most infants born to HIV-positive women are uninfected, but the patterns and determinants of their growth are not well described. This study aimed to assess growth ... -
Setting priorities for patient-centered surveillance of drug-resistant infections
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Methods: A priority-setting process (PSP) was launched to define priorities for patient-centered antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance and research in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A list of uncertainties ... -
Tackling an emerging epidemic: the burden of non-communicable diseases among people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is at a crossroad. Over the last decade, successes in the scale up of HIV care and treatment programs has led to a burgeoning number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in care. At the same time, an ... -
Investigation of the governance structure of the Nairobi dairy value chain and its influence on food safety
(University of Nairobi, 2020)The dairy value chain of Nairobi is comprised, in its majority, of small-scale independent enterprises that operate within a complex interlinked system. In this complexity, the coordination and power structures of the ... -
Factors associated with time in therapeutic range among patients on oral anticoagulation therapy in a tertiary teaching and referral hospital in Kenya
(East Cent. Afr. J. Pharm. Sci, 2020-02-03)Oral anticoagulation with warfarin is challenging owing to the drug’s narrow therapeutic index. Achievement of therapeutic range ensures safety and efficacy of warfarin therapy. A retrospective study of four hundred and ... -
Towards Improving Quality of Food And Medicinal Products-The Role of a Pharmacist in the 21st Century.
(East Cent. Afr. J. Pharm. Sci, 2019-05-07) -
Quality of dairy milk obtained from automated dispensing machines in Nairobi County, Kenya
(East Cent. Afr. J. Pharm. Sci, 2019)Dairy milk is one of the most widely consumed food products. Owing to its rich nutritional value, milk acts as a good medium for microbial growth. Suppliers have been known to adulterate milk with various chemicals for ... -
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria implicated in neonatal sepsis at Pumwani Maternity Hospita
(East Cent. Afr. J. Pharm. Sci, 2020-09-03)Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among infants in developing countries. The etiology and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of bacteria responsible vary in different hospitals. ... -
Product evaluation of carbamazepine 200mg controlled release tablets using an in vitro-in vivo correlation simulation mode
(East Cent. Afr. J. Pharm. Sci, 2020-09-03)Evaluation of the dissolution characteristics of drugs and their bioavailability can be conducted using an in vitro-in vivo correlation model. This can help in assessing the products available in the market for quality. ...