Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 801-820 of 10382
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Antiretroviral drug-induced endothelial dysfunction is improved by dual PPARα/γ stimulation in obesity.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Obesity rates are rising in HIV-infected populations; however, the putative role of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in the development of endothelial and cardiovascular derangements in the presence of pre-existing ... -
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in East Africa: red alert or red herring?
(University of Nairobi, 2019)BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and has resultant important economic and societal costs underscoring the need for accurate surveillance. ... -
Competing risk survival analysis of time to in-hospital death or discharge in a large urban neonatal unit in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Background: Clinical outcomes data are a crucial component of efforts to improve health systems globally. Strengthening of these health systems is essential if the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are to be achieved. ... -
Congenital Heart Disease in East Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is an enormous problem in Low Middle Income Countries and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. There is an estimated 500,000 children born in Africa with CHD each year with a major proportion ... -
Plasmid profiling and incompatibility grouping of multidrug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)OBJECTIVES: Plasmids harbour antibiotic resistance genes which contribute to the emergence of multidrug resistant pathogens. We detected the presence of plasmids in multidrug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi ... -
Effect of locally produced complementary foods on fat-free mass, linear growth, and iron status among Kenyan infants: A randomized controlled trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)The impact of quality complementary food products on infant growth and body composition has not been adequately investigated. This study evaluated the effect on fat-free mass (FFM) accrual, linear growth, and iron status ... -
Development and Implementation of a Mobile Phone-Based Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV Cascade Analysis Tool: Usability and Feasibility Testing in Kenya and Mozambique.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)BACKGROUND: Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) care cascade failures drive pediatric HIV infections in sub-Saharan Africa. As nurses' clinical and management role in PMTCT expand, decision-support ... -
Characterization of vB_ApiM_fHyAci03, a novel lytic bacteriophage that infects clinical Acinetobacter strains.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)We present here the isolation and characterization of Acinetobacter pittii phage vB_ApiM_fHyAci03 (fHyAci03), which belongs to the family Myoviridae. The fHyAci03 genome was found to be 165,975 bp in length and predicted ... -
Kaposi Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus Glycoprotein H is Indispensable for Infection of Epithelial, Endothelial, and Fibroblast Cell Types.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an emerging pathogen and is the causative infectious agent of Kaposi sarcoma and two malignancies of B cell origin. To date, there is no licensed KSHV vaccine. Development ... -
Larval species diversity, seasonal occurrence and larval habitat preference of mosquitoes transmitting Rift Valley fever and malaria in Baringo County, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)BACKGROUND: Baseline information that is essential for determining the areas to target with larval control includes estimates of vector diversity and larval habitat preferences. Due to a lack of such information in ... -
Making Smarter Decisions Faster: Systems Engineering to Improve the Global Public Health Response to HIV.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review offers an operational definition of systems engineering (SE) as applied to public health, reviews applications of SE in the field of HIV, and identifies opportunities and challenges of ... -
A multivalent Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-like particle vaccine capable of eliciting high titers of neutralizing antibodies in immunized rabbits.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an emerging pathogen and the causative agent of multiple cancers in immunocompromised patients. To date, there is no licensed prophylactic KSHV vaccine. In this study, we ... -
Prevalence of Clostridium difficile infections among Kenyan children with diarrhea.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)BACKGROUND: Diarrhea causes significant morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. Regions most affected by diarrhea include Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, where antibiotics are in common use and can make ... -
EADSG Guidelines: Insulin Storage and Optimisation of Injection Technique in Diabetes Management.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)To date, insulin therapy remains the cornerstone of diabetes management; but the art of injecting insulin is still poorly understood in many health facilities. To address this gap, the Forum for Injection Technique and ... -
The Medical Education Partnership Initiative (MEPI): Innovations and Lessons for Health Professions Training and Research in Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)MEPI was a $130 million competitively awarded grant by President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) to 13 Medical Schools in 12 Sub-Saharan African countries and a Coordinating ... -
Six stormy years and the audacity to confront a challenging future: taking stock of the Kenyan Doctors' Union.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)The Kenya Medical Practitioners, Pharmacists and Dentists Union (KMPDU) was formed in August 2011. Within the last six years, this union has galvanized the Kenyan doctors together, agitated for healthcare policy reforms ... -
Etiology and pathogenicity of bacterial isolates: a cross sectional study among diarrheal children below five years in central regions of Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Introduction: Bacterial agents are among pathogens implicated to cause diarrhea in children resulting to huge mortality and morbidities. Bacterial etiologies causing diarrhea in children below five years are rarely ... -
Pattern of ultrasonographic findings of disorders of the ankle joint complex in patients presenting with ankle pain at the department of diagnostic imaging, university of Nairobi.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Introduction: the ankle joint is a frequently injured joint. It is also affected by inflammatory, infectious and tumoral lesions. Ultrasound is a safe and cost-effective imaging tool when evaluating the ankle joint, as ... -
Delay Along the Care Seeking Journey of Patients with Microbial Keratitis in Uganda.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)PURPOSE: To describe the care seeking journey and causes of delay among patients with Microbial Keratitis in Uganda. METHODS: A prospective cohort of patients presenting with microbial keratitis at the two main eye ... -
Systematic review of the performance and clinical utility of point of care HIV-1 RNA testing for diagnosis and care.
(University of Nairobi, 2019)BACKGROUND: Point of-care (POC) HIV-1 RNA tests which are accurate and easy to use with limited infrastructure are needed in resource-limited settings (RLS). We systematically reviewed evidence of POC test performance ...