HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance in Kenyan antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced injection drug users and non-drug users.
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Date
2015Author
Budambula, V
Musumba, FO
Webale, MK
Kahiga, TM
Ongecha-Owuor, F
Kiarie, JN
Sowayi, GA
Ahmed, AA
Ouma, C
Were, T
Language
enMetadata
Show full item recordAbstract
BACKGROUND:
Although injection drug use drives antiretroviral drug resistance, the prevalence of protease inhibitor (PI) resistance among Kenyan IDUs remains undetermined. We, therefore, explored PI resistance mutations and their association with viral load and CD4+ T cell counts in HIV-1 infected IDUs (ART-naive, n = 32; and -experienced, n = 47) and non-drug users (ART-naive, n = 21; and -experienced, n = 32) naive for PI treatment from coastal Kenya.
RESULTS:
Only IDUs harboured major PI resistance mutations consisting of L90M, M46I and D30 N among 3 (6.4 %) ART-experienced and 1 (3.1 %) -naive individuals. Minor PI mutations including A71T, G48E, G48R, I13V, K20I, K20R, L10I, L10V, L33F, L63P, T74S, V11I, and V32L were detected among the ART-experienced (36.2 vs. 46.9 %) and -naive (43.8 vs. 66.7 %) IDUs and non-drug users, respectively. All the four IDUs possessing major mutations had high viral load while three presented with CD4+ T cell counts of <500 cells/ml. Among the ART-naive non-drug users, CD4+ T cell counts were significantly lower in carriers of minor mutations compared to non-carriers (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION:
Transmitted drug resistance may occur in IDUs underscoring the need for genotyping resistance before initiating PI treatment.
Citation
AIDS Res Ther. 2015 Aug 15;12:27Publisher
University of Nairobi
Collections
- Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) [10378]