University of Nairobi Institutional Repository: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2461-2480 of 115143
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Placental characteristics and neonatal weights among women with malaria-preeclampsia comorbidity and healthy pregnancies
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Malaria and preeclampsia are leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. They contribute significantly to poor perinatal outcomes like low neonatal weight by causing considerable ... -
Age and CD4+ T cell counts are inversely associated with HIV drug resistance mutations in treatment naive female sex workers
(University of Nairobi, 2023)The increasing prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance mutations (HIVDRM) in untreated seropositive persons has consequences for future treatment options. This is extremely important in key populations ... -
Seroprevalence of Taenia saginata Cysts in Cattle, Human Hospital Cases, and Risk Factors for Human Taeniasis in Kajiado County, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Taenia saginata is a zoonotic tapeworm that causes diseases in cattle and humans. A cross-sectional survey was conducted between June and July 2021 in Kajiado County, Kenya, to estimate the seroprevalence of Taenia saginata ... -
Impact of HIV and peripartum period on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection detection
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Pregnancy and HIV may influence TB infection (TBI) detection using interferon gamma-release assays (QFT-Plus) and tuberculin skin tests (TST). Methods: Participants from antenatal clinics in Western Kenya ... -
A Response to Article "Do Mesenchymal Stem Cells Influence Keloid Recurrence?" [Response to Letter]
(University of Nairobi, 2023) -
Can young agripreneurs improve their skills through agripreneurship empowerment programmes? Evidence from Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2023)This article examined the driving forces behind young agripreneurs' participation in agripreneurship empowerment programmes and estimates the causal impact of programme participation on agripreneurship skills using data ... -
Factors Linked to Female Genital Mutilation Practice Among Women Living In Alungu Village of Mandera County, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is a harmful traditional practice with severe health complications, deeply rooted in many sub-Saharan African countries. In Kenya, the prevalence of FGM/C is 15% in ... -
Mapping, intensities and future prediction of land use/land cover dynamics using google earth engine and CA- artificial neural network model
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Mapping of land use/ land cover (LULC) dynamics has gained significant attention in the past decades. This is due to the role played by LULC change in assessing climate, various ecosystem functions, natural resource ... -
Quasi-experimental evaluation of Kenya's pictorial health warnings versus Zambia's single text-only warning: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Project
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Population studies in mostly high-income countries have shown that pictorial health warnings (PHWs) are much more effective than text-only warnings. This is the first quasi-experimental evaluation of the ... -
Access to essential cancer medicines for children: a comparative mixed-methods analysis of availability, price, and health-system determinants in east Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Access to essential childhood cancer medicines is a core determinant of childhood cancer outcomes. Available evidence, although scarce, suggests that access to these medicines is highly variable across countries, ... -
Investment case for primary health care in low- and middle-income countries: A case study of Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Primary healthcare (PHC) systems attain improved health outcomes and fairness and are affordable. However, the proportion of PHC spending to Total Current Health Expenditure in Kenya reduced from 63.4% in 2016/17 ... -
Understanding factors influencing home pregnancy test use among women in western Kenya: A qualitative analysis
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: There are limited data on home pregnancy test use among women in low-and-middle-income countries. A prior survey found that only 20% of women in western Kenya used a home pregnancy test to confirm their pregnancies ... -
The prevalence of substance use disorders and associated characteristics among patients admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Botswana
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Objective: Substance use disorders (SUDs) have increased substantially across the globe, and has become one of the world's most significant public health and socioeconomic challenge. This study examined the prevalence and ... -
"We must help them despite who they are…": healthcare providers' attitudes and perspectives on care for young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Compared to young heterosexual men, young gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (YMSM) face a disproportionate burden of sexual health conditions. This disparity is occasioned by factors such as ... -
Draft genomes, phylogenomic reconstruction and comparative genome analysis of three Xenorhabdus strains isolated from soil-dwelling nematodes in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)As a proven source of potent and selective antimicrobials, Xenorhabdus bacteria are important to an age plagued with difficult-to-treat microbial infections. Yet, only 27 species have been described to date. In this study, ... -
Emergency departments as under-utilized venues to provide HIV prevention services to female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Female sex workers (FSW) in sub-Saharan Africa are disproportionately affected by HIV and remain a key target population for efforts to reduce transmission. While HIV prevention tools such as PEP and PrEP are ... -
Novel Escherichia coli-Infecting Bacteriophages Isolated from Uganda That Target Human Clinical Isolates
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: The antimicrobial resistance catastrophe is a growing global health threat and predicted to be worse in developing countries. Phages for Global Health (PGH) is training scientists in these regions to isolate ... -
Prevalence and Potential Risk Factors for the Acquisition of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus spp. Bacteria Among Pastoralist Farmers in Kajiado Central Subcounty, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing health problem globally. To address this challenge, there is a need to generate baseline data on the prevalence and AMR profile of the main disease-causing bacteria. Here, we ... -
Seroprevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminants and Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia Coinfections in Goats in Kwale County, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Goats are among the most important small ruminants affected by Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) diseases, two of the most significant constraints worldwide to the production ... -
Contributions of Governance to Water Availability in Mwingi Town
(University of Nairobi, 2023)The contributions of governance to water availability in Mwingi town. Identification of governance capacity to address issues of water scarcity in many parts of the world is pertinent and especially in urban areas characterized ...