Pattern of occurrence of jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital: A 10-year histopathologic audit

Abstract

Background: Jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions cause facial deformity, destruction of dental tissues and af-fect masticatory and phonation functions. These ad-versely erode patients’ psycho-social status; create low self-esteem and may change one’s facial identity and appearance. Objective: To determine the histo- pathologic characteristics, variants and demographic pattern of jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions at the Uni-versity of Nairobi Dental Hospital. Material and Method: This was an analytical and verification study that involved microscopic re-examination of all available incisional/excisional biopsy samples from January 2000 to December 2009 for histo-patho- logical diagnosis at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital. Results: 187 jaw cysts and cyst-like lesions were diagnosed at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital over the ten-year period. Keratocystic odon- togenic tumours constituted 28%, dentigerous cysts 25%, nasopalatine duct cysts 19%, radicular cysts 15%, while calcifying odontogenic cysts comprised 4% of all the lesions. The rest of the lesions were be-tween 1% and 3% of all the lesion entities. Conclu-sion: Keratocystic odontogenic tumours and den-tigerous cysts were the most common developmental odontogenic cysts diagnosed in the ten-year period.