Adoption of computer based testing and assessment in national examinations in Kenya

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible challenges faced by The Kenya National Examinations Council (KNEC) in the adoption of computer based assessment in National examinations. The study examines the stakeholders' attitude towards the introduction of computer based testing and assessment in the National examination, their views on how it will contribute in the elimination of cheating cases and the transition of assessment from paper-pencil to computer based assessment, with the aim of finding solutions to these challenges and improving the testing and assessment process by the Kenya National Examination Council. The target population consisted of students and teachers in Public and Private schools in Nairobi and Machakos Counties. In order to get a representative sample for the study, the researcher used purposive sampling procedure. Both primary and secondary data was used. Application of questionnaires, observation checklist, and focused group discussions was crucial in gathering relevant data. Both closed-ended and open-ended questionnaires were utilized to gather information from teachers and students. The questionnaires were able to generate the information required because they were designed in tandem with the objectives and research questions, while the interviews covered a range of issues related to the attitude and perception of the respondents in relation to the objectives of the study. Focused Group Discussion was held to corroborate the information gathered through questionnaires and interview. The questionnaires provided an opportunity for flexibility and free flowing of information. Unstructured discussions were expected to reflect genuine opinion, ideas and attitudes of the respondents on the topic under study. In conclusion, the study highlights the need to review assessment in schools over to electronic media, thereby enriching the testing experience and making the test results more useful for teachers and students. Tests which are more relevant for the needs of the future and which can be adopted to the rapidly changing needs of the global society.