Assessment Of The Dynamics Of Resource-Based Conflict On Human Security In Kenya: A Case Study Of Isiolo County

Abstract

With key focus on increased resource-based conflict in Kenya, this study sought to examine the nature of resource based conflict in Isiolo County. Chapter one covers the background to the study, problem statement, objectives of the study, literature review, theoretical framework, hypotheses and methodology of the study. The study adopted mixed method research design in order to allow the researcher gather information, summarize, present and interpret data for the purpose of clarification. It involves use of both qualitative and quantitative methods which ensures total representations of experiences or associations. Furthermore it ensured trustworthiness of inferences gained and at the same time promotes diversity of opinions for the same experiences. The study was guided by three objectives which formed chapter two, three and four namely; to examine the nature of resource based conflict in Isiolo County, investigate the impact of resource based conflict on human security in Isiolo County and examine strategies being used to address the resource based conflict in Isiolo County. The study has identified global climate change as the most key nature of resource-based conflict in Isiolo County. There is a strong relationship between land degradation, water, pasture, desertification and conflict in the county. Climate change on its own does not lead to conflict, however, combined with poor governance and politics of ethnicity contributes to environmental conflict over scarce resources. In addition, the study established that, climate change has contributed to resource-based conflict in Isiolo County under two main aspects which include; where natural resources reduce as a result of degradation and where access is restricted or unequally distributed resources. In each of the two cases, resource-based conflict arises as people compete for scarce resources available and or their rights to control over these resources especially, in case where some groups have been marginalized. Based on second objective, the study established that, resource-based conflict has far reaching negative implications on human security in Isiolo County. Economic sector is the most affected sector by the conflict. Harsh climatic conditions have contributed to lack of food, as well as economic insecurities. Increased degradation of land, scarcity of water and pasture has led to decline on production of livestock and decrease in price of livestock. The study pointed out that, the strategies fall under two broad categories namely; peace building strategies and security intervention strategies. From the study findings, security intervention strategies have been more effective and preferred by government, than peace building strategies in addressing the conflict.