Now showing items 1-7 of 7

    • Air Breathing: the Elite Respiration 

      Maina, JN (Springer Berlin HeidelbergFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Nairobi,Faculty of Health Sciences Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, The University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1998)
      Water forms an important structural and functional constituent of the intercellular and intracelular lung tissue (e.g., Bastacky et al. 1987). Furthermore, a hydrated layer lines the air spaces of the lung (e.g., Fishman ...
    • Bimodal Breathing: Compromise Respiration 

      Maina, JN (Springer Berlin HeidelbergDepartment of Veterinary Anatomy, University of NairobiFaculty of Health Sciences Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, The University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1998)
      The division of the Animal Kingdom into aquatic and terrestrial life is ancient: it is still relevant to contemporary life. This distinction is ascribed to the different structural and functional attributes which have been ...
    • Comparative Pulmonary Morphology and Morphometry: The Functional Design of Respiratory Systems 

      Maina, JN (Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 1994)
      Though there are assertions that life is possible without oxygen, such states can only exist for definite periods and in simplest of life forms (Hochachka et al. 1973; Herreid 1980; Portner et al. 1985). Intestinal parasites ...
    • Essence of the Designs of Gas Exchangers — the Imperative Concepts 

      Maina, JN (Springer Berlin HeidelbergFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Veterinary Anatomy, University of NairobiFaculty of Health Sciences Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, The University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1998)
      Gas exchangers have developed and tractably adapted with the respiratory requirements of whole organisms in different states and habitats. The environmental factors that have profoundly influenced the general phenotype ...
    • Gas Exchange Media, Respiratory States, and Environments 

      Maina, JN (Springer Berlin HeidelbergFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Veterinary Anatomy, University of NairobiFaculty of Health Sciences Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, The University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1998)
      Regarding the part of the biosphere they occupy, animal life is classified into aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial groups. Among vertebrates, fish are predominantly aquatic, amphibians are transitional, and reptiles, birds, ...
    • Perspectives on Life and Respiration: How, When, and Wherefore 

      Maina, JN (Springer Berlin HeidelbergFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Nairobi, 1998)
      Humankind has always been fascinated by the spectacle of extreme states and phenomena. The Guinness Book of Records, which after the Holy Bible is alleged to be the second most widely read book, is according to the publishers ...
    • Water Breathing: the Inaugural Respiratory Process 

      Maina, JN (Springer Berlin HeidelbergFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Dept. of Veterinary Anatomy, University of NairobiFaculty of Health Sciences Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, The University of Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa, 1998)
      By way of the hydrologic cycle, water on Earth is believed to have remained unchanged in amount and character for about 3000 million of years (Leopold and Davis 1968). From the current concepts of paleobiology, it is ...