Effects of insecticide treated stable nets on Glossina (Glossinadae), Trypanosomiasis and other Dipterans
Abstract
A field study was conducted to assess the protection conferred to zero-grazed animals against tsetse
and trypanosomiasis by surrounding a zero-grazing unit with a polyethylene net. The units were
subjected to various treatments and their effect on Glossina, other biting and non-biting flies and,
trypanosomiasis investigated over a period of six months.
When set around a zero-graze unit at a height of 1.5m, an untreated net reduced prevalence rate of
trypanosomiasis from 38% to 23.9% in the study area. In the high tsetse challenge area, the goats in
the free range homestead and that from confined but without net zero-graze unit resulted in
tyrpanosomisis infection rates of38% and 37% while both insecticide treated and netted zero-graze
units had the infections decrease to 14% and 11% respectively.
The 1% deltamethrin treated net caused significant reduction in tsetse density. This treatment
yielded results that showed very high statistical significance at p<O.05 (p value = 0.001) for tsetse
flies and also Tabanus species atp<O.05 (value=0.021). The 1% deltamethrin insecticide reduced
the disease rate further from 23.9% in the study area Similarly, the disease risk dropped on
subsequent post treatment to nil from 17% after 30 days within 1% deltamethrin treated homestead,
while increasing to 33.3% at 180 post treatment days for the low tsetse challenge level and 50%
within the high challenge for both free-range and confined homestead without net.
This result suggests that, the net could confer protection to the zero-grazed goats effectively at low
and medium tsetse challenge levels. However, treating the net with a lethal concentration of
insecticide would enhance the level of protection the net confers to goats in the high tsetse challenge
area
Citation
Master of Science in Medical and Veterinary EntomologySponsorhip
University of NairobiPublisher
University of Nairobi School of Biological Sciences