Role of Regional Organizations in Conflict Resolution : Lessons from Kenya’s 2007 Elections

Abstract

Preventing or resolving world wars is a primary function of regional and international organizations. United Nations is a good example of such organizations that has experienced tremendous successes and major lessons in the area of conflict and conflict management. These organizations also thrive in other areas such as promoting trade and regional integration. The AU (African Union) has been on the frontline when it comes to conflict matters within Africa. Conflict in Burundi and Kenya in 2003 and 2008 respectively are worth mentioning as examples of nations where the impact of the AU has been felt during conflict resolution. Scholars and critics alike often branded the OAU as a dictator’s club because of its non-intervention stand during conflict citing the traditional form of sovereignty as its major obstacle. However, in 2002, there was a shift that strengthened the AU structure to promote intervention during grave circumstances, although this is still a work in progress. It is also worth noting that the AU has also faced significant challenges and some can be traced back to its predecessor the OAU, while attempting to execute its mandate. One example is the uprising in Libya in 2011 where the AU appeared incapable to intervene and resolve conflict. This points us towards possible weaknesses such as lack of resources and political. This study has established that for the AU to be effective in executing its mandate, it needs to resolve the inconsistency within its legal framework to simplify a situation that requires forceful intervention during a violent crisis. Furthermore, the study has also pointed out the need for financial stability as crucial to AU’s success and promoting political will among its membership to ensure that crises are resolved before they escalate