Harmonization of the Security Structure of the National Police Service as a Strategy for Addressing Security Challenges in Kenya

Abstract

Kenya, like the rest of the globe, is undergoing tremendous changes in all aspects of society, and security, which is a critical facet of progress, has not been overlooked. Following independence, the Kenya police force was divided into two groups: administrative police and general police. Despite the reorganization of the National Police Service (NPS), public complaints against police personnel have increased, and performance remains unsatisfactory, as extrajudicial killings by police officers continue to rise. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of unifying the National Police Service's (NPS) security structure as an approach for tackling security challenges in Kenya. The study was guided by the following research objectives: to examine the prospects for harmonization of the security structure in Kenya's National Police service, to assess the impact of harmonization of Kenya's national structures on the country's security, and to investigate the critical challenges faced in harmonizing Kenya's national security structure. Kurt Lewin's change model, McKinsey's 7-Step Model, Theory of Planned Change, and the Three-Phase Model were all used in the research. The Administrative Police Service, the Kenya Police Service, and the Criminal Investigation Department provided data (CID). The Independent Police Oversight Authority (IPOA) and members of the public were among the other responses. The study stated that the Kenyan government must work quickly to capitalize on the current momentum in order to achieve long-term harmonization of its security organs. Harmonization must be integrated into a larger endeavor of state renewal because it will not operate in isolation. Despite the progress made over the last six years, study shows that substantial barriers remain in the way of Kenya's security services harmonizing smoothly. Despite the fact that harmonization is a laudable aim and much work has already been done on paper, it still faces significant acceptance hurdles. Even while the rules, law, policies, and laws guidelines are new, nothing has changed in terms of the police mindset and institutional culture. The former police force is still in place. Opposition to police reforms remains strong on the ground, despite what appears to be backing at the top. This chasm between the police and the public is harmful. The cops must communicate in the same language. As a result, firm decisions must be made and enforced, including defined timetables for the transition's completion and the creation of a unified National Police Service for Kenyans. The public is yet to be persuaded that the police have changed, as they continue to act in the same manner as before. The old guard may not love the harmonization process, but it will be advantageous in the long run. As a result, haste should be made. In order for the police harmonization effort to progress, The new constitution should be strictly followed, as it requires police officers to be accountable, competent, and professional at all times, while also safeguarding human rights and fundamental freedoms. In addition, increased political goodwill and fewer meddling in the police harmonization process are required. This will ensure genuine participation in the process and that the whole thing isn't a waste of time. The following suggestions are provided based on the preceding findings.