The Role of International Economic Crime on Economic Development: a Case Study of Kenya and Botswana

Abstract

Economic development is a fundamental human right both in the Charter of the United Nations and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as well as under other international norms and conventions. Globally, the UNGA adopted ―17 goals‖ aimed at securing a better life for all in a sustainable manner. World leaders committed to end poverty, inequality and address the problem of climate change. Under goal 16 of the SDGs the world leaders committed among other things to reduce international economic crime in all its forms and to combat organized crime. International economic crime therefore is a challenge that stands in the way of economic development. This study examined the role of international economic crime on economic development through a comparative case study analysis of Kenya and Botswana. It examined current statistical analysis of economic crime and how it affects economic development. The rational choice theory and the O-Ring theory of economic development were used to examine the efficacy and coordination of economic development strategies, actors and institutions. A case study design approach was used to collect detailed data. An intensive analysis of economic development strategies was done. In this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods were used to answer the research questions. The research findings are presented through tables, charts and diagrams at the end of each chapter. The study draws conclusions and makes recommendations to improve strategies in the fight against economic crime in order to enhance development. This study submits that responses to combat economic crime yesterday cannot be the same responses to combat economic crime today. There is therefore need for continuous scholarship in economic development and how it is affected by international economic crime.