Literatur, Frauen Und Umwelt. Ökokritische Und Ökofeministische Analysen Der Deutschen Literatur Am Beispiel Des Romans ,,falsche Himmel“ Von Liane Dirks

Abstract

In a context of excessive transformation, industrialization and modernization, humanity is tending more and more towards an ecological crisis that could lead to irreparable catastrophes. There is only one liveable planet and that is why the question of its protection is so much evoked and put into perspective since the beginning of this millennium. It is a question of reviewing and questioning the relationship between humans and the environment or nature in order to see what is being done wrong and what can be changed in order to sustain the ecology and the ecosystem. It is therefore normal in such a context that literature, which is also part of society, aligns itself and joins the discussion and reflects with social, political and cultural actors on possible solutions to avoid the decline of humanity. Literature is a powerful means of communication. Authors write in order to impact and change things. However, this writing respects certain codes and is done within an artistic and subjective framework that requires interpretation. This is the purpose of the present work, in which we have tried to discuss and explain the basic terms of ecological literary studies with an ecofeminist approach, based on prominent and recognized authors in this field. The Book ``Falsche Himmel” of the renowned author Liane Dirks published in 2006 by Kiepenheuer & witsch is the main object of the analysis. This book which presents an unknown society in an undetermined future shows how big the horror and the terror will be when the climatic crisis will finally be there. Between famine, thirst, despair and death, the protagonists will try to survive by finding a new living space. We must admit that the destruction of the nature is the result of the power relations and of the numerous dichotomies (subject/object; master/slave; superior/inferior) which govern the world and which mainly affect women and other minority and minoritized groups. In this logic, it is legitimate to establish a link between the overexploitation of natural resources and the subjugation of women. Especially since the book puts this in perspective. This book shows the unparalleled power of literature to predict the future as a kind of apocalyptic prophecy. By analyzing it through theories such as ecofeminism and new materialism, we will be able to hear the voice of literature in both ecological and human crises and identify some of the perspectives of solutions it proposes.