The Impact of Crime on Household Well-being in Diani, Msambweni Sub-county, Kwale County

Abstract

Crime is a consequential global plight restraining economic growth and social advancement. In Kenya, particularly in the coastal region, crime and additional cases coupled with general security are a barrier to the advancements pushed for society's well-being and development. The connection between crime and household well-being is not just antagonistic, but it is also practical and thus warrants this study. In this realization, this study was embarked on to assess the impact of crime on household well-being in Diani Location, Msambweni Sub- County, Kwale County. The study aimed to answer; what is enhancing household engagement in crime, what are the impact of crime on the family unit welfare and what are the social elements that enhances crime in Diani location, Msambweni Sub County. A total of three hundred and fifty-one (351) participants were sampled from the study population. The research utilized both qualitative and quantitative design. In-depth interviews, Key informant interviews and focused group discussions were explored during the study. High proportions of crime committed in Diani location were possession of drugs and illicit brew (84.6%), followed by armed robbery at 74.6%, with the least being human (especially child) trafficking at 5.9%. It was evident that family structure influenced families engaging in crime, represented by a proportion of 93.4% of the households. Besides, peer influence influenced family members engaging in crime reported by 94.3% of the households, whereas neighbourhood influenced family members engaging in crime by 94.3%. The research further demonstrated that 85.5% of businesses are negatively affected by crime. 72.9% of the businesses had to close down, and eventually, 75.5% relocated elsewhere to continue with businesses. Additionally, the research established that drug trafficking and abuse had led to prostitution in Diani Location at 79.8%. Moreover, lack of household engagement and shortage of security personnel posed a challenge in managing crime to a very great extent at 54.1% and 58.1%, respectively. Additionally, high unemployment, inadequate resources for security personnel, and lack of political support to a very great extent posed a challenge to manage crime at 67%, 55.8% and 53.6% respectively. During the FGD with the youths, women and men, it was reported that: Household members with suspected criminal members are stigmatized in the community, viewed with suspicion, and shunned by neighbours and friends. Often, persons from these families are rejected from participating in community-related social activities and groups such as disco harusi, BMU group membership, Mama Karanga merry-go-round groups, etc. This robbed the rest of the family members of social capital. Additionally, children from these families are greatly affected by stigmatization. Some drop out of school due to stigmatization. The research concluded that household/community well-being is influenced by criminal activities in Diani location. The study recommends that policy should target and sustain family unit welfare by dealing with crime. Adaption techniques at local and policy levels can significantly reduce and manage crime and promote community well-being. A diligent mix of resources is indispensable, including Education/capacity building, fostering intact families' existence, creating Job/business opportunities, institutional empowerment/engagement, Leadership goodwill, and in-depth stakeholder engagement.