A Framework for Implementation of Cloud-based ERP Systems in Public Universities in Kenya

Abstract

This study sought to provide a framework for successfully deploying cloud-based ERP systems in public universities in Kenya. Previous studies indicated that locally hosted or on-premises ERP systems have had challenges from limited customization or enhancement capacities, integration complexity, minimal functional relevance, to disruptive software updates and backups leading to largely failed implementations. Cloud Enterprise Resource Platforms provide a solution to the rigidity and costliness of existing ERP software by facilitating the automation of business processes and operations efficiently, with minimal information technology (IT) resources requirements. The specific aim of this research endeavor was to ascertain and analyze the impact of technological, organizational, and environmental factors on the implementation of cloud-based ERPs within public universities in Kenya. The theoretical framework used to guide the study are Information System Success Model (ISSM), Technology Organization Environment (TOE) theory and the Diffusion of Innovation theory. The study used descriptive and correlational research designs targeting a population of the thirty-one (31) Public Chartered Universities (PCU) in Kenya. Quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire with the respondents comprising key personnel within the universities. The data underwent analysis through descriptive and inferential statistical methods using SPSS, and the outcomes were visually represented through tables, charts, and graphs. The results demonstrated that technological factors, particularly aspects like technology infrastructure sufficiency, compatibility, data security, and the cost-effectiveness of the solution, were statistically significant in the implementation decisions of cloud-based ERP systems. Further, the organizational and environmental factors, specifically, top management support, adequate training, policy regulations and vendor support, were statistically significant in influencing the implementation of cloud-based ERPs in public universities in Kenya. The study is recommended to relevant policy makers to guide in developing strategies for adoption and effective implementation of cloud-ERPs in public universities. Further study is recommended to be done to investigate the user satisfaction and experience of cloud-based ERP in public universities.