| dc.description.abstract | Simulated mechanical transmission rates of T. congolense and T.
evansi were studied using wild and blood-fed S. n. niger, S. taeniatus,
and laboratory reared teneral S. n. niger. The flies were caught in the
Nairobi National Park forest and in the thickets and woodlands at
Nguruman, Kenya. Direct microscopy and mouse inoculation techniques
were able to detect live Trypanosoma congolense only up to 210
minutes, and T. evansi up to 480 minutes after an infective blood meal.
Individual flies were interrupted after 1-2 minutes of feeding on infective
bloodmeal and immediately transferred to non-infected mice to complete
their meal. Wild and teneral S. n. niger transmitted T. congolense at
transmission rates of 7.5% and 10.0% respectively and T. evansi at
transmission rates of 20.0% and 35.0% respectively. Blood-fed and wild
S. taeniatus were not able to transmit T. congolense but they transmitted
T. evansi at transmission rates of 17.5% and 13.3% respectively. There
was no significant difference in the transmission of either T. evansi or T.
congolense by teneral, wild and blood-fed S. n. niger.
Laboratory rearing of wild stable flies was attempted using the
following media: rhinoceros dung; mice pellets, saw dust and water;
wheat bran, saw dust and water. The latter was the best medium for
rearing S. n. niger. S. inornatus, S. taeniatus, S. n. bilineatus did not
develop well in all the three media. The life cycle for S. n. niger was
approximately 23.5 days. | en |
