dc.contributor.author | Ngure, K | |
dc.contributor.author | Heffron, R | |
dc.contributor.author | Mugo, NR | |
dc.contributor.author | Celum, C | |
dc.contributor.author | Cohen, CR | |
dc.contributor.author | Odoyo, J | |
dc.contributor.author | Rees, H | |
dc.contributor.author | Kiarie, JN | |
dc.contributor.author | Were, E | |
dc.contributor.author | Baeten, JM | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-06-12T12:43:18Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-06-12T12:43:18Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Contraceptive method and pregnancy incidence among women in HIV-1-serodiscordant partnerships. Ngure K, Heffron R, Mugo NR, Celum C, Cohen CR, Odoyo J, Rees H, Kiarie JN, Were E, Baeten JM; Partners in Prevention HSVHIV Transmission Study Team. | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22156966 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/32331 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Effective contraception reduces unintended pregnancies and is a central strategy to reduce vertical HIV-1 transmission for HIV-1-infected women.
METHODS:
Among 2269 HIV-1-seropositive and 1085-seronegative women from seven African countries who were members of HIV-1-serodiscordant heterosexual partnerships and who were participating in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial, we assessed pregnancy incidence according to contraceptive method using multivariate Andersen-Gill analysis.
RESULTS:
Compared with women using no contraceptive method, pregnancy incidence was significantly reduced among HIV-1-seropositive and HIV-1-seronegative women using injectable contraception [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 0.24, P = 0.001 and aHR 0.25, P < 0.001, respectively). Oral contraceptives significantly reduced pregnancy risk only among HIV-1-seropositive women (aHR 0.51, P = 0.004) but not seronegative women (aHR 0.64, P = 0.3), and, for both seropositive and seronegative women, oral contraceptive pill users were more likely to become pregnant than injectable contraceptive users (aHR 2.22, P = 0.01 for HIV-1-seropositive women and aHR 2.65, P = 0.09 for HIV-1-seronegative women). Condoms, when reported as being used as the primary contraceptive method, marginally reduced pregnancy incidence (aHR 0.85, P = 0.1 for seropositive women and aHR 0.67, P = 0.02 for seronegative women). There were no pregnancies among women using intrauterine devices, implantable methods or who had undergone surgical sterilization, although these methods were used relatively infrequently.
CONCLUSION:
Family planning programs and HIV-1 prevention trials need innovative ways to motivate uptake and sustained use of longer acting, less user-dependent contraception for women who do not desire pregnancy. | en |
dc.language.iso | en | en |
dc.title | Contraceptive method and pregnancy incidence among women in HIV-1-serodiscordant partnerships. | en |
dc.type | Article | en |
local.publisher | Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya. | en |