Factors influencing integrated water resources management along Khalaba watershed, Western Kenya

Abstract

This study focused on Khalaba River in view of the factors that influence the implementation of Integrated Water Resources Management strategy in its basin. The participatory aspect seemed lacking with many negative effects still present in the river basin irrespective of the fact that a WRUA is operational. Eucalyptus trees are planted along tha river as pollution is also rampant.

The study was guided by four objects and research questions derived from the same. They sought to establish the level of knowledge of stakeholders in water management; economic and social factors influencing the IWRM along the river and the strategies put in place to improve IWRM in the basin.

A descriptive survey research approach was adopted because of the large sample that was required. The target population comprised the farmers in the area, KHA WRUA, WRMA staff, the area chiefs and their assistants and NEMA staff. The total population of respondents was 103 from a sample size of 141 who were selected by stratified random sampling.

The data was collected using two instruments. The farmers were subjected to an interview that had been developed in an interview schedule. On the other hand, all the others had information from them got using questionnaires designed for each group. The data collected was analysed using a descriptive method because most of the respondents were subjected to interviews and the information received did not involve figures.

The study established farmers do not have knowledge in water management as chiefs have negligible knowledge but Kha WRUA members have had training in water management. Although the government officers have it they are ill-staffed. There are also many economic factors that led to the destruction of the basin for the benefit of the local people. Social factors like culture of the people have led mainly to the pollution of the river. There are also a number of strategies put in place for the improvement of IWRM on Khalaba River. They include mass education and provision of alternative sources of income for farmers.

The study came up with recommendations for improvement of IWRM. Among them was to find economically viable and environmental-friendly trees to replace eucalyptus in wetlands. The public health officers were also required to educate people on hygiene and proper bathroom construction. Another recommendation was to have Kha WRUA democratically reconstituted and that KhaWRUA should co-operate with the provincial administration in their work and both be given powers to influence the adoption of IWRM.