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Now showing items 41-50 of 84
Improvement of vaginal health for Kenyan women at risk for acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: results of a randomized trial
(2008)
BACKGROUND:
Vaginal infections are common and have been associated with increased risk for acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).
METHODS:
We conducted a randomized trial of directly observed oral ...
A prospective study of risk factors for bacterial vaginosis in HIV-1-seronegative African women
(2008)
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is common and has been associated with increased HIV-1 susceptibility. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for BV in African women at high risk for acquiring HIV-1.
We conducted ...
A comparison of genital HIV-1 shedding and sexual risk behavior among Kenyan women based on eligibility for initiation of HAART according to WHO guidelines
(2006)
BACKGROUND:
Guidelines for initiating antiretrovirals are based on markers of advanced disease and are not directly linked to markers of HIV-1 transmission such as viral shedding.
METHODS:
We evaluated genital HIV-1 ...
Higher set point plasma viral load and more-severe acute HIV type 1 (HIV-1) illness predict mortality among high-risk HIV-1-infected African women
(2006)
BACKGROUND:
There is limited information on the natural history of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Africa, especially from individuals with well-defined dates of infection. We used data from a ...
Identification of modifiable factors that affect the genetic diversity of the transmitted HIV-1 population
(2004)
BACKGROUND:
Our previous studies have shown that the majority of African women were infected with multiple HIV-1 genetic variants, while in the remaining women only a single viral genotype was detected early in infection. ...
Vitamin A deficiency and the acute phase response among HIV-1-infected and -uninfected women in Kenya
(2002)
Among HIV-1-infected individuals, vitamin A deficiency has been associated with faster disease progression and greater infectivity in observational studies, but randomized clinical trials have shown no effect of vitamin A ...
Diversity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) env sequence after vertical transmission in mother-child pairs infected with HIV-1 subtype A.
(University of Nairobi., 2003-03)
Although several virologic and immunologic factors associated with an increased risk of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission have been described, the mechanism of mother-to-child transmission ...
Perceived stigma among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment: a prospective randomised trial comparing an m-DOT strategy with standard-of-care in Kenya.
(2010)
HIV and AIDS remain highly stigmatised. Modified directly observed therapy (m-DOT) supports antiretroviral treatment (ART) adherence but little is known about its association with perceived stigma in resource-constrained ...
Mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource poor settings: how to improve coverage?
(University of Nairobi., 2003-05)
OBJECTIVES:
To review coverage of the current nevirapine prevention model in Coast Provincial General Hospital (CPGH) in Mombasa, Kenya, and to reflect on alternative models to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) ...
Exposure To Hiv-1 During Delivery And Mother-to-child Transmission
(University of Nairobi, 2000)
BACKGROUND:
The correlation between the presence of HIV-1 in maternal cervicovaginal secretions and in the infant's oro-pharyngal secretions at birth, and mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT) were examined to obtain ...