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An empiric risk scoring tool for identifying high-risk heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples for targeted HIV-1 prevention
(2012)
Heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples are increasingly recognized as an important source of new HIV-1 infections in sub-Saharan Africa. A simple risk assessment tool could be useful for identifying couples at highest ...
Hormonal contraceptive use and risk of HIV-1 disease progression.
(2013)
BACKGROUND:
For HIV-1-infected women, hormonal contraception prevents unintended pregnancy, excess maternal morbidity, and vertical HIV-1 transmission. Hormonal contraceptives are widely used but their effects on HIV-1 ...
Willingness of Kenyan HIV-1 serodiscordant couples to use antiretroviral-based HIV-1 prevention strategies.
(2012)
INTRODUCTION:
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have demonstrated efficacy as new human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) prevention approaches for HIV-1 serodiscordant couples.
METHOD ...
HIV protective efficacy and correlates of tenofovir blood concentrations in a clinical trial of PrEP for HIV prevention.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)
BACKGROUND:
Antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a novel HIV prevention strategy for which adherence is a known determinant of efficacy. Blood concentrations of PrEP medications are one objective marker of ...
A prospective study of contraceptive use among African women in HIV-1 serodiscordant partnerships.
(Univesity of Nairobi, 2010-10)
BACKGROUND:
Dual contraception is important for averting HIV-1 transmission, unintended pregnancy, and maternal-to-child HIV-1 transmission. Few studies have explored contraceptive use in HIV-1 serodiscordant couples, ...
A qualitative study of barriers to consistent condom use among HIV-1 serodiscordant couples in Kenya.
(2012)
This study explored barriers to consistent condom use among heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples who were aware of the HIV-1 serodiscordant status and had been informed about condom use as a risk reduction strategy. ...
Acyclovir and transmission of HIV-1 from persons infected with HIV-1 and HSV-2.
(2010)
Most persons who are infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are also infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), which is frequently reactivated and is associated with increased plasma and genital ...
Immune response to hepatitis B virus vaccination among HIV-1 infected and uninfected adults in Kenya.
(2013)
In studies from high-income countries, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected persons have diminished responses to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination, compared with HIV-1-uninfected persons, but data from ...
A prospective study of the effect of pregnancy on CD4 counts and plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected women.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02)
BACKGROUND:
In HIV-1-infected women, CD4 count declines occur during pregnancy, which has been attributed to hemodilution. However, for women who have not initiated antiretroviral therapy, it is unclear if CD4 declines ...
Efficacy of preexposure prophylaxis for HIV-1 prevention among high-risk heterosexuals: subgroup analyses from a randomized trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2013-08)
BACKGROUND:
Daily oral antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising strategy for prevention of HIV-1 acquisition. Three clinical trials demonstrated PrEP efficacy; however, two PrEP trials among women ...