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Now showing items 101-110 of 148
Implementing voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in Nyanza Province, Kenya: lessons learned during the first year
(2011)
BACKGROUND:
In 2007, the World Health Organization endorsed male circumcision as an effective HIV prevention strategy. In 2008, the Government of Kenya (GoK) launched the national voluntary medical male circumcision ...
Social epidemiology in Africa: slowing the heterosexual transmission of AIDS
(1991)
Analyzing why the rate of transmission of AIDS varies widely in Africa is the basis for designing strategies for intervention. Promiscuity, i.e. high rates of sex partner change, is not the only reason for rapid transmission, ...
Epidemiologic evidence for the development of serovar-specific immunity after gonococcal infection
(1989)
We tested the hypothesis that strain-specific immunity occurs after gonococcal infection in a longitudinal study of 227 prostitutes resident in one small community who experienced frequent gonococcal infections. Women were ...
HIV infection among lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes in Nairobi
(1990)
A cohort of 418 lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes were enrolled in a study of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) between January and April 1985. Sixty-two per cent of the women were seropositive ...
Prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Africa: effectiveness of condom promotion and health education among prostitutes
(1988)
Condom use was assessed after a programme of education about the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and a condom distribution programme in a well-characterised prostitute population in Nairobi. Women received their education ...
A review of HIV-1 in Africa
(1988)
As the AIDS epidemic reaches a dramatic stage of development, the time for African countries to establish effective control programs has come. The history of AIDS in Africa is different from that other regions of the world. ...
A prospective study of vaginal trichomoniasis and HIV-1 shedding in women on antiretroviral therapy
(2011-11-03)
Background
Trichomonas vaginalis has been associated with increased vaginal HIV-1 RNA shedding in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve women. The effect of trichomoniasis on vaginal HIV-1 shedding in ART-treated ...
Distinct but related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variant populations in genital secretions and blood
(1996)
For a HIV vaccine to be effective, it will be essential that it protect against the virus variants to which individuals are most frequently exposed. HIV-1 is predominantly a sexually acquired virus, thus, variants in genital ...
Identification of modifiable factors that affect the genetic diversity of the transmitted HIV-1 population
(2004)
BACKGROUND:
Our previous studies have shown that the majority of African women were infected with multiple HIV-1 genetic variants, while in the remaining women only a single viral genotype was detected early in infection. ...
Vitamin A deficiency and the acute phase response among HIV-1-infected and -uninfected women in Kenya
(2002)
Among HIV-1-infected individuals, vitamin A deficiency has been associated with faster disease progression and greater infectivity in observational studies, but randomized clinical trials have shown no effect of vitamin A ...