Search
Now showing items 1-10 of 18
Effect of Baseline HIV Disease Parameters on CD4+ T Cell Recovery After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation in Kenyan Women
(2010)
Background
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV infection reconstitutes the immune system and improves survival. However, the rate and extent of CD4+ T cell recovery varies widely. We assessed the impact of several ...
A Genetic Polymorphism of FREM1 Is Associated with Resistance against HIV Infection in the Pumwani Sex Worker Cohort
(2012)
A subgroup of women enrolled in the Pumwani sex worker cohort remain seronegative and PCR negative for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 despite repeated exposure through high-risk sex work. Studies have shown that ...
Age and menopause affect the expression of specific cytokines/chemokines in plasma and cervical lavage samples from female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(2013-10-22)
Aging of the immune system, known as immunosenescence, is associated with profound changes in both innate and adaptive immune responses, resulting in increased susceptibility to infection and a decreased ability to respond ...
Naturally occurring protease inhibitor resistance mutations and their frequencies in HIV proviral sequences of drug-naïve sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01-07)
Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for 69% of the people living with HIV globally. An estimated 1,600,000 Kenyans are living with HIV-1. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has saved 9 million life-years in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, ...
Blunted IL17/IL22 and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Responses in the Genital Tract and Blood of HIV-Exposed, Seronegative Female Sex Workers in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2012)
Identifying the immune correlates of reduced susceptibility to HIV remains a key goal for the HIV vaccine field, and individuals who are HIV-exposed, seronegative (HESN) may offer important clues. Reduced systemic immune ...
HIV-1 Clade D Is Associated with Increased Rates of CD4 Decline in a Kenyan Cohort
(University of Nairobi, 2012)
HIV-1 is grouped phylogenetically into clades, which may impact rates of HIV-1 disease progression. Clade D infection in particular has been shown to be more pathogenic. Here we confirm in a Nairobi-based prospective female ...
The role of G protein gene GNB3 C825T Polymorphism in HIV-1 acquisition, progression and immune activation
(2012)
Background
The GNB3 C825T polymorphism is associated with increased G protein-mediated signal transduction, SDF-1α-mediated lymphocyte chemotaxis, accelerated HIV-1 progression, and altered responses to antiretroviral ...
Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to measure HIV-specific mucosal CD8+ T cell responses in the cervix
(Univerisyt of Nairobi, 2010-10)
Several candidate HIV vaccines aim to induce virus-specific cellular immunity particularly in the genital tract, typically the initial site of HIV acquisition. However, standardized and sensitive methods for evaluating ...
Reduced Cellular Susceptibility to In Vitro HIV Infection Is Associated with CD4+ T Cell Quiescence
(2012)
Background
HIV preferentially establishes productive infection in activated CD4+ T cells. Since proportions of activated CD4+ T cells vary between individuals, this study aimed to determine if individuals with a greater ...
Anti-HIV-1 Activity of Elafin Is More Potent than Its Precursor's, Trappin-2, in Genital Epithelial Cells
(2012)
Cervicovaginal lavage fluid (CVL) is a natural source of anti-HIV-1 factors; however, molecular characterization of the anti-HIV-1 activity of CVL remains elusive. In this study, we confirmed that CVLs from HIV-1-resistant ...