Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1081-1100 of 29885
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Microscopic features of the rat adrenal gland associated with chronic codeine phosphate administration
(University of Nairobi, 2021-06)Codeine is an opioid analgesic and antitussive that has been widely abused. Some adverse effects noted with its abuse include adrenocortical insufficiency and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The ... -
Micro-spatial Analysis of Maize Yield Gap Variability and Production Factors on Smallholder Farms
(Micro-spatial Analysis of Maize Yield Gap Variability and Production Factors on Smallholder Farms, 2019)Site-specific land management practice taking into account variability in maize yield gaps (the difference between yields in the 90th percentiles and other yields on smallholder farmers’ fields) could improve resource ... -
Soil and management-related factors contributing to maize yield gaps in western Kenya
(Soil and management-related factors contributing to maize yield gaps in western Kenya, 2019)The solution to reducing existing yield gaps on smallholder farms lies in understanding factors limiting yield in areas with agricultural intensification potential. This study applied an integrated analysis approach ... -
Growth performance and reproductive function impairment of glyphosate-based herbicide in male guinea pig (Cavia porcellus)
(University of Nairobi, 2021-05)Glyphosate formulations, widely applied non-selective systemic herbicides, are progressively becoming the most controversial pesticides on the market due the adverse effects they pose to humans and environment. The information ... -
Antiulcerogenic Effects of Selected African Nightshades (Solanum nigrum Linn.) Genotypes on the Rat Stomach: A Morphologic and Morphometric Study
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Solanum nigrum (SLN), commonly known as African nightshade, is used as a vegetable as well as in the management and treatment of various ailments including gastric ulcers. We analyzed, both grossly and microscopically ... -
Annona muricata silver nanoparticles exhibit strong anticancer activities against cervical and prostate adenocarcinomas through regulation of CASP9 and the CXCL1/CXCR2 genes axis
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background: Green synthesized nanoparticles have been earmarked for use in nanomedicine including for the development of better anticancer drugs. Objective: The aim of this study was to undertake biochemical evaluation ... -
Rise and fall of total mesorectal excision with lateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for rectal cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of 11,366 patients
(University of Nairobi, 2021-06)The role of lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) during total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer is still controversial. Many reviews were published on prophylactic LLND in rectal cancer surgery, some biased by ... -
Association between obstetric and medical risk factors and stillbirths in a low-income urban setting
(University of Nairobi, 2021-08)Objective: To evaluate the association between obstetric and medical risk factors and stillbirths in a Kenyan set-up. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in four hospitals between August 2018 and April 2019. Two ... -
Precision Agriculture for Resource Use Efficiency in Smallholder Farming Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Precision agriculture (PA) has a huge potential for growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), but it faces a number of social-economic and technological challenges. This study sought to map existing PA research and application ... -
A systematic review and meta-analysis of iliocapsularis muscle: an important landmark in orthopedic surgery
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Purpose: Iliocapsularis (IC) is a small muscle overlying the capsule of the hip joint. Although recent attention is being given to this muscle by orthopedic surgeons who encounter it during the anterior approach to total ... -
Intracranial hemorrhage in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients
(University of Nairobi, 2021-01)Background: Emerging evidence suggests that a subset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may present with or develop cerebrovascular disease during the course of hospitalization. Whereas ischemic stroke in ... -
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pharmacologic Treatments for Children: Research Priorities and Approach to Pediatric Studies
(University of Nairobi, 2021-03)Clinical trials of pharmacologic treatments of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are being rapidly designed and implemented in adults. Children are often not considered during development of novel treatments for infectious ... -
Efficacy of phone use on adherence to nevirapine prophylaxis and retention in care among HIV-exposed infants in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV: a randomized clinical trial
(University of Nairobi, 2021-04)Background: HIV is a major contributor to infant mortality. A significant gap remains between the uptake of infant and maternal antiretroviral regimens and only a minority of HIV-exposed infants receives prophylaxis and ... -
Be Wary of Hiccups: An Unusual Case of COVID-19
(University of Nairobi, 2021-01)Hiccups, involuntary contraction of the diaphragm and intercostal muscle followed by an abrupt closure of the glottis, are a bothersome symptom that can be caused by a variety of illnesses or medications. Hiccups that ... -
Drug supply situation in Rwanda during COVID-19: issues, efforts and challenges
(University of Nairobi, 2021-01)COVID-19 is a threat to health systems around the world and Rwanda is not an exception. The impact of the pandemic is far-reaching and access to health commodities is not spared. Proper drug supply is critical for a robust ... -
Neonatal mortality in Kenyan hospitals: a multisite, retrospective, cohort study
(University of Nairobi, 2021-05)Background: Most of the deaths among neonates in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) can be prevented through universal access to basic high-quality health services including essential facility-based inpatient ... -
Prevalence of asymptomatic P. falciparum gametocyte carriage among school children in Mbita, Western Kenya and assessment of the association between gametocyte density, multiplicity of infection and mosquito infection prevalence
(University of Nairobi, 2021-04)Background: Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte carriers are reservoirs for sustaining transmission in malaria endemic regions. Gametocyte presence in the host peripheral blood is a predictor of capacity to ... -
Evaluation of the Antimalarial Activity of the Leaf Latex of Aloe weloensis (Aloaceae) against Plasmodium Parasites
(University of Nairobi, 2021-06)Background: The lack of available vaccines and the emerging resistance to antimalarial drugs have provided the necessity to find noble antimalarial plant-based medicines. The leaf latex Aloe weloensis has been used in folk ... -
How urban 'informality' can inform response to COVID-19: a research agenda for the future
(University of Nairobi, 2021-01)In the era of increasingly defined ontological insecurity and uncertainty driven by the ravages of COVID-19, urban informal settlement has emerged as a source of resilience. Indeed, the effects of a pandemic transcends its ... -
Long COVID, a comprehensive systematic scoping review
(University of Nairobi, 2021-07)Purpose: To find out what is known from literature about Long COVID until January 30, 2021. Methods: We undertook a four-step search with no language restriction. A preliminary search was made to identify the keywords. ...