Browsing Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment & Design (FEng / FBD) by Author "Kyalo Kiema, John B"
Now showing items 1-20 of 27
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Data Models and Structure
(2013)By convention, data in the real world is deemed to exist in a continuous or analogue form usually in three dimensional space as discussed in Sect. 2.1. Such data needs to be digitized or made discrete before it can be input ... -
Digital Photogrammetry
(2013)One of the most fundamental developments in the history of photogrammetry has been the transition from analytical to digital photogrammetry. This was realized in the early 1990s through softcopy-based systems or Digital ... -
Disaster Monitoring and Management
(2013)Since time immemorial, natural disasters have continued to plague the history of mankind. They have varied in type, frequency, coverage and severity ranging from earthquakes, landslides, droughts, floods, tornadoes, ... -
Environmental Impact Assessment
(2013)Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is defined by Munn (1979) as the need to identify and predict the impact on the environment and on man’s health and well-being of legislative proposals, policies, programs, projects, ... -
Environmental Monitoring and Management
(2013)A natural way to begin this monogram is by posing several pertinent questions. Firstly, what exactly does the term “monitoring” mean. Furthermore, is monitoring synonymous to measuring or observing? And more specifically, ... -
Environmental Surveying and Surveillance
(2013)In this section, we discuss the quantitative and qualitative data that could be collected using GNSS satellites, and in so doing, attempt to answer the question “what can GNSS satellites deliver that is of use to environmental ... -
Fundamentals of GIS
(2013)Geographic Information System(GIS) is defined as a special type of information system that is used to input, store, retrieve, process, analyze and visualize geospatial data and information in order to support decision ... -
Fundamentals of Photogrammetry
(2013)Like in many other disciplines, there is no universally accepted definition of the term photogrammetry. The Manual of Photogrammetry (2003) defines photogrammetry as the art, science, and technology of obtaining reliable ... -
Fundamentals of Remote Sensing
(2013)Remote sensing is defined as the art, science and technology through which the characteristics of object features/targets either on, above or even below the earth’s surface are identified, measured and analyzed without ... -
Fundamentals of Surveying and Geodesy
(2013)Although the environment has remained at the forefront of scientific interest for well over four decades (e.g., Lein (2012)), it is not until this decade that remote sensing of the environment using geodetic methods started ... -
Geodata and Geoinformatics
(2013)Understanding the characteristics of and possibilities in using geodata is premised on proper comprehension of the underlying concepts of space, time and scale, contextualized within the Earth’s framework. Although these ... -
GIS Database
(2013)Once digitized and edited GIS data are stored in a spatial database. Evidently, the quality of the decisions made from a GIS will depend on the quality of the data contained in the database. A spatial database is defined ... -
The Global Positioning System
(2013)The Global Positioning System or GPS is the oldest and most widely used GNSS system, and as such will be extensively discussed in this and the next chapter. The development of GPS satellites dates from the 1960s. -
Image Interpretation and Analysis
(2013)The interpretation and analysis of remote sensing imagery involves the identification and/or measurement of various targets or objects in an image in order to extract useful information about them. More specifically, this ... -
Input of GIS Data
(2013)Precisely because of the expensive cost of GIS data capture and the fact that the procedures involved in this are also fairly time consuming, the sources for GIS data should always be carefully analyzed before selection ... -
Land Management
(2013)Land provides the base upon which social, cultural and economic activities are undertaken and as such is of significant importance in environmental monitoring. Social, cultural and economic activities have to be planned ... -
Maps in Environmental Monitoring
(2013)A map is an abstraction of reality that creates a model of the world or a part thereof, effectively projecting the curved surface of the earth onto a plane surface. Unlike images that model reality at an iconic level of ... -
Marine and Coastal Resources
(2013)Marine habitats are comprised of zones termed coastal terrestrial, open water, and the ocean bottom until several meters deep. Besides fish, these habitats are home to diverse flora and fauna, with swathes of sandy beaches ... -
Microwave Remote Sensing
(2013)Persistent cloud cover, especially within the tropics, offers limited clear views of the Earth’s surface from space. This presents a major impediment to the application of optical remote sensing discussed in Chap. 8 in ... -
Modernization of GNSS
(2013)Throughout history, position (location) determination has been one of the fundamental tasks undertaken by humans on a daily basis. Each day, one deals with positioning, be it going to work, the market, sport, church, mosque, ...
