Now showing items 361-380 of 1463

    • Input of GIS Data 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Precisely because of the expensive cost of GIS data capture and the fact that the procedures involved in this are also fairly time consuming, the sources for GIS data should always be carefully analyzed before selection ...
    • Environmental Surveying and Surveillance 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      In this section, we discuss the quantitative and qualitative data that could be collected using GNSS satellites, and in so doing, attempt to answer the question “what can GNSS satellites deliver that is of use to environmental ...
    • Fundamentals of GIS 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Geographic Information System(GIS) is defined as a special type of information system that is used to input, store, retrieve, process, analyze and visualize geospatial data and information in order to support decision ...
    • Modernization of GNSS 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Throughout history, position (location) determination has been one of the fundamental tasks undertaken by humans on a daily basis. Each day, one deals with positioning, be it going to work, the market, sport, church, mosque, ...
    • Fundamentals of Photogrammetry 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Like in many other disciplines, there is no universally accepted definition of the term photogrammetry. The Manual of Photogrammetry (2003) defines photogrammetry as the art, science, and technology of obtaining reliable ...
    • Environmental Impact Assessment 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is defined by Munn (1979) as the need to identify and predict the impact on the environment and on man’s health and well-being of legislative proposals, policies, programs, projects, ...
    • Disaster Monitoring and Management 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Since time immemorial, natural disasters have continued to plague the history of mankind. They have varied in type, frequency, coverage and severity ranging from earthquakes, landslides, droughts, floods, tornadoes, ...
    • Water Resources 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Fresh water is one of the basic necessities without which human beings cannot survive since water is key to the sustainability of all kinds of lifeforms. Water has multiple uses namely; nutritional, domestic, recreational, ...
    • Web GIS and Mapping 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      The Internet and web-based technology has dramatically influenced the access to and dissemination of information among communities, locally and globally. This is no less true in the domain of geographic information systems ...
    • Microwave Remote Sensing 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Persistent cloud cover, especially within the tropics, offers limited clear views of the Earth’s surface from space. This presents a major impediment to the application of optical remote sensing discussed in Chap. 8 in ...
    • Satellite Environmental Sensing 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      GNSS satellites such as GPS are playing an increasingly crucial role in tracking low earth orbiting (LEO) remote sensing satellites at altitudes below 3000 km with accuracies of better than 10 cm (Yunck et al. 1990). These ...
    • GIS Database 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Once digitized and edited GIS data are stored in a spatial database. Evidently, the quality of the decisions made from a GIS will depend on the quality of the data contained in the database. A spatial database is defined ...
    • Housing Development and Women’s Rights to Land and Property. 

      Anyamba, Tom Jebesi Chukunzira; Nordahl, B. (Architecture and Building Science, University of Nairobi, 2005)
    • Fundamentals of Remote Sensing 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      Remote sensing is defined as the art, science and technology through which the characteristics of object features/targets either on, above or even below the earth’s surface are identified, measured and analyzed without ...
    • Spatial Transformations in Nairobi 

      Anyamba, Tom Jebesi Chukunzira (Architecture and Building Science, University of Nairobi, 2007)
    • Informal Urbanism in Nairobi 

      Anyamba, Tom Jebesi Chukunzira (Architecture and Building Science, University of Nairobi, 2011)
    • Developing an authentic african architecture 

      Anyamba, Tom JC (Architecture and Building Science, University of Nairobi, 2011)
      The idea of the existence of an African Architecture has been problematic over the years since the o nset of European occupation. Early scholars of non - Western built forms saw them as not constituting architecture ...
    • Data Models and Structure 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      By convention, data in the real world is deemed to exist in a continuous or analogue form usually in three dimensional space as discussed in Sect. 2.1. Such data needs to be digitized or made discrete before it can be input ...
    • The Global Positioning System 

      Awange, Joseph L; Kyalo Kiema, John B (2013)
      The Global Positioning System or GPS is the oldest and most widely used GNSS system, and as such will be extensively discussed in this and the next chapter. The development of GPS satellites dates from the 1960s.