Female Circumcision In Meru North District: A Focus On Inter- Generational Shifts In Practices And Perceptions.

Abstract

Using primary and secondary data, this study explores the cultural practice of female circumcision in Meru North District, with special interests on inter-generational shifts in the practice and perceptions across generations. A comparative analysis on what has been practised over time, when and how and what has changed is systematically presented in this study. In addition the factors that have facilitated the shifts in the practice and perceptions are discussed in depth and various sociological theories on change are used to explain them. Finally the study reviews the reasons why the practice has continued to date and the difficulties experienced in eradicating female circumcision. The study found out that female circumcision is deeply entrenched among the members of Meru North community and all members of the community including those living in urban areas, Have considerable knowledge of the practice. However, conflicting information on the view of female circumcision was evident in the group discussions with various respondents. Many in the older generation strongly supported the practice and still holds on to the myths and beliefs on female circumcision. On the other hand many in the younger generation disregard the practice and consider it outdated. The study reveals that this conflict in perception of female circumcision in the district, besides other emerging factors like commercialisation and medicalization of the practice, have encouraged rather than discouraged female circumcision in the district. However, there is general consensus among the respondents that the practice is loosing ground and only a few girls are undergoing the 'cut' today. The study concluded that those supporting it, through forcing those under them to undergo the 'cut' have reinforced the prevalence of female circumcision in Meru North District. Based on the findings, the study recommended that awareness campaigns on the consequences of female circumcision and the importance of individual rights on weather or not to undergo the 'cut' be stepped up. The study also recommended appropriate pressure on medicalization of female circumcision.