Evalution Of Women's Access To Urban Land And Credit And Community Development Activities In Urban Three Housing Project - Kenya Eldoret-Sirikwa Hotel - 26-6-1989

Abstract

In most Developing countries only a small number of new jobs are available in agriculture. The capital scarcity limits the number of nonfarm jobs that can be created, because investments costs per job are high in modern industry. Thus an effective development policy should seek to increase the labor relative to., capital, to the extent that it is economically efficient. In the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 1986 on Economic Management for Renewed Growth, the Kenya Government notes that historically, there has been continue) on the youth corning to collar employment. The Paper a tendency (which will obviously urban areas seeking for white further notes that given the opportunities opened up by rising rural income together with pressure for new jobs exerted by I a growing workforce that is estimated to double from 7.5 million 1984) to 14 million by the year 2000, informal sector (or small-scale Enterprises, SSES) will have to expand. The formal sector is estimated to absorb only 1.15 million (1984) to 2.33 million (2000). Estimates show that after other employment sectors take their potion with urban informal sector taking "from 0.2 million (1984) to 0.4 million (2000) and rural non-farm 1.31 million (1984) to 2.84 million (2000) - the unemployed will be 0.98 million (1984) and about 1.4 million to 2.85 million (2000). These unemployed include unsurveyed urban wage workers and casual workers as well as the unemployed. Thus it is officially recognised that modern sector will be unable to accommodate more than a fraction of Kenya's workers from now to the end of the century and that the majority of the future non- 2 - farm job opportunities will be in the informal sector (or smallscale enterprises, SSEs). One of the main objectives of the Third Urban Project was to assist in the development of an integrated urban network which will support economic growth in rural areas and improve the population holding capacity and urban employment base of secondary towns in Kenya. The specific objective of this section is to evaluate employment creation by Third Urban Projects in the selected towns of Eldoret, Nakuru and Thika both direct and indirect. For those p.rojects already implemented we are interested in determining the activity groups that are successful, facing problems, and what types of problems" the extent to which they are trying to solve these problems and how the authorities concerned can enhance their development. Income profiles of these activity groups and the extent to which these projects are benefiting urban poor are determined.