Browsing BioMedical Journal Articles by Title
Now showing items 41-60 of 201
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Community perceptions of health insurance and their preferred design features: implications for the design of universal health coverage reforms in Kenya
(2013-11-12)Abstract Background Health insurance is currently being considered as a mechanism for promoting progress to universal health coverage (UHC) in many African countries. The concept of health insurance ... -
Comparative evaluation of the Ifakara tent trap-B, the standardized resting boxes and the human landing catch for sampling malaria vectors and other mosquitoes in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
(2009-08-12)Frequent, sensitive and accurate sampling of Anopheles mosquitoes is a prerequisite for effective management of malaria vector control programmes. The most reliable existing means to measure mosquito density is the human ... -
Comparative evaluation of three PCR based diagnostic assays for the detection of pathogenic trypanosomes in cattle blood
(2008-12-24)Abstract Currently, several PCR based diagnostic assays have been developed to improve the detection of pathogenic trypanosomes. These tests include use of species specific primers, single and ... -
Comparative performance of the Mbita trap, CDC light trap and the human landing catch in the sampling of Anopheles arabiensis, An. funestusand culicine species in a rice irrigation in western Kenya
(2005-01-25)Mosquitoes sampling is an important component in malaria control. However, most of the methods used have several shortcomings and hence there is a need to develop and calibrate new methods. The Mbita trap for capturing ... -
Correlation of EGFR, pEGFR and p16INK4 expressions and high risk HPV infection in HIV/AIDS-related squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva
(2014-02-26)Abstract Background Squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva has increased tenfold in the era of HIV/AIDS. The disease pattern has also changed in Africa, affecting young persons, ... -
Costs and cost-effectiveness of delivering intermittent preventive treatment for malaria through schools in western Kenya
(2008-09-30)Abstract Background Awareness of the potential impact of malaria among school-age children has stimulated investigation into malaria interventions that can be delivered ... -
A cross-sectional study of depression with comorbid substance use dependency in pregnant adolescents from an informal settlement of Nairobi: drawing implications for treatment and prevention work
(Springer Nature, 2018-12-20)Introduction Adolescent pregnancy is a highly prevalent and significant public health problem in Kenya, and mental health needs of pregnant adolescent girls have been overlooked. Nearly, 50% of the world’s population ... -
Cytochrome P450 2B6 genetic variants are associated with plasma nevirapine levels and clinical response in HIV-1 infected Kenyan women: a prospective cohort study
(2015-04-15)Abstract Background Polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) affect the steady state plasma concentration of nevirapine. CYP2B6 516G>T and 983T>C are common in African ... -
Decomposing Kenyan socio-economic inequalities in skilled birth attendance and measles immunization
(2013-01-07)Abstract Introduction Skilled birth attendance (SBA) and measles immunization reflect two aspects of a health system. In Kenya, their national coverage gaps are substantial but could be largely ... -
Determinants of health insurance ownership among South African women
(2005-02-28)Abstract Background Studies conducted in developed countries using economic models show that individual- and household- level ... -
Development of environmental tools for Anopheline larval control
(2011-07-06)Abstract Background Malaria mosquitoes spend a considerable part of their life in the aquatic stage, rendering them vulnerable to interventions directed to aquatic habitats. Recent successes of mosquito larval ... -
Ecologists can enable communities to implement malaria vector control in Africa
(2006-02-03)Integrated vector management (IVM) for malaria control requires ecological skills that are very scarce and rarely applied in Africa today. Partnerships between communities and academic ecologists can address this capacity ... -
Effect of a multi-faceted quality improvement intervention on inappropriate antibiotic use in children with non-bloody diarrhoea admitted to district hospitals in Kenya
(2011-11-25)Abstract Background There are few reports of interventions to reduce the common but irrational use of antibiotics for acute non-bloody diarrhoea amongst hospitalised children in low-income settings. We undertook a ... -
Effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy and development of drug resistance in HIV-1 infected patients in Mombasa, Kenya
(2009-06-16)Abstract Access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is increasing in resource-limited settings (RLS) and can successfully reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality. However, virologic failure and ... -
Effects of bed nets and anti-malaria drugs use on childhood mortality in Kenya's malaria endemic and epidemic areas.
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Background: The Kenya Demographic and Health Surveys (KDHS) data collected since 1989 indicate that malaria prone areas have consistently recorded the highest childhood mortality rates. Malaria control programme information ... -
Effects of HIV-1 infection on malaria parasitemia in milo sub-location, western Kenya
(2015-07-15)Abstract Background Malaria and HIV infections are both highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, with HIV-infected patients being at higher risk of acquiring malaria. HIV-1 ... -
Effects of HIV-1 infection on malaria parasitemia in Milo sub-location, Western Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2015-07)Abstract Background Malaria and HIV infections are both highly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, with HIV-infected patients being at higher risk of acquiring malaria. HIV-1 infection is known to impair the immune response ... -
Efficacy of a group tobacco cessation behavioral intervention among tobacco users with concomitant mental illness in Kenya: protocol for a controlled clinical trial
(BMC Public Health, 2019-12)Background The rate of tobacco use among people with mental illness is nearly twice that of the general population. Psychotropic medications for tobacco cessation are relatively expensive for most Kenyans. Behavioral ... -
Efficacy of neem chippings for mosquito larval control under field conditions
(University of Nairobi, 2015-03)Background An in depth understanding of mosquito breeding biology and factors regulating population sizes is fundamental for vector population control. This paper presents results from a survey of mosquito breeding ...