BioMedical Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 161-180 of 201
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Development of environmental tools for Anopheline larval control
(2011-07-06)Abstract Background Malaria mosquitoes spend a considerable part of their life in the aquatic stage, rendering them vulnerable to interventions directed to aquatic habitats. Recent successes of mosquito larval ... -
Global proteomic analysis of plasma from mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA using two dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry
(2011-07-26)Abstract Background A global proteomic strategy was used to identify proteins, which are differentially expressed in the murine model of severe malaria in the hope of facilitating future development of novel diagnostic, ... -
Sampling of An.gambiae s.s mosquitoes using Limburger cheese, in combination with heat and moisture as baits in a homemade trap
(2011-08-11)Abstract Background Ample evidence has shown that odour baited traps are likely to provide an objective monitoring tool for the host-seeking fraction of mosquito vectors of diseases like malaria and bancroftian filariasis. ... -
The role of cow urine in the oviposition site preference of culicine and Anopheles mosquitoes
(2011-09-26)Abstract Background Chemical and behavioural ecology of mosquitoes plays an important role in the development of chemical cue based vector control. To date, studies available have focused on evaluating mosquito attractants ... -
Utility of Total lymphocyte Count as a Surrogate Marker for CD4 counts in HIV-1 infected Children in Kenya
(2011-09-30)Abstract Background In resource-limited settings, such as Kenya, access to CD4 testing is limited. Therefore, evaluation of less expensive laboratory diagnostics is urgently needed to diagnose immuno-suppression in ... -
The World Health Organization multicountry survey on maternal and newborn health: study protocol
(2011-10-26)Abstract Background Effective interventions to reduce mortality and morbidity in maternal and newborn health already exist. Information about quality and performance of care and the use of critical interventions are ... -
A prospective study of vaginal trichomoniasis and HIV-1 shedding in women on antiretroviral therapy
(2011-11-03)Background Trichomonas vaginalis has been associated with increased vaginal HIV-1 RNA shedding in antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve women. The effect of trichomoniasis on vaginal HIV-1 shedding in ART-treated ... -
Quality of hospital care for sick newborns and severely malnourished children in Kenya: A two-year descriptive study in 8 hospitals.
(2011-11-11)Background Given the high mortality associated with neonatal illnesses and severe malnutrition and the development of packages of interventions that provide similar challenges for service delivery mechanisms we set out ... -
Effect of a multi-faceted quality improvement intervention on inappropriate antibiotic use in children with non-bloody diarrhoea admitted to district hospitals in Kenya
(2011-11-25)Abstract Background There are few reports of interventions to reduce the common but irrational use of antibiotics for acute non-bloody diarrhoea amongst hospitalised children in low-income settings. We undertook a ... -
Explaining the effects of a multifaceted intervention to improve inpatient care in rural Kenyan hospitals - interpretation based on retrospective examination of data from participant observation, quantitative and qualitative studies.
(2011-12-02)Abstract Background We have reported the results of a cluster randomized trial of rural Kenyan hospitals evaluating the effects of an intervention to introduce care based on best-practice guidelines. In parallel work ... -
Uptake of prevention of mother to child transmission interventions in Kenya: health systems are more influential than stigma
(2011-12-28)Abstract Background We set out to determine the relative roles of stigma versus health systems in non-uptake of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV-1 interventions: we conducted cross-sectional ... -
The role of G Protein Gene GNB3 C825T Polymorphism in HIV-1 acquisition, progression and immune activation
(2012-01-03)Abstract Background The GNB3 C825T polymorphism is associated with increased G protein-mediated signal transduction, SDF-1α-mediated lymphocyte chemotaxis, accelerated HIV-1 progression, and altered responses to ... -
Ethnomedicinal study of plants used in villages around Kimboza forest reserve in Morogoro, Tanzania
(2012-01-06)Abstract Background An ethnomedicinal study was conducted to document medicinal plants used in the treatment of ailments in villages surrounding Kimboza forest reserve, a low land catchment forest with high number of ... -
Cognitive deficits following exposure to Pneumococcal Meningitis: An Event-Related Potential study
(2012-03-31)Abstract Background Pneumococcal meningitis (PM) is a severe and life-threatening disease that is associated with cognitive impairment including learning difficulties, cognitive slowness, short-term memory deficits and ... -
Human papillomavirus prevalence in invasive cervical carcinoma by HIV Status
(2012-04-19)Data on the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in invasive cervical carcinoma (ICC) in women with HIV are scarce but are essential to elucidate the influence of immunity on the carcinogenicity of different HPV ... -
Integrated mosquito larval source management reduces larval numbers in two highland villages in western Kenya
(2012-05-18)AbstractBackgroundIn western Kenya, malaria remains one of the major health problems and its control remains an important public health measure. Malaria control is by either use of drugs to treat patients infected with ... -
In search for an explanation to the upsurge in infant mortality in Kenya during the 1988-2003 period
(2012-06-18)AbstractBackgroundIn Kenya, infant mortality rate increased from 59 deaths per 1000 live births in 1988 to 78 deaths per 1000 live births by 2003. This was an increase of about 32 percent in 15 years. The reasons ... -
Analysis of pan-African Centres of excellence in health innovation highlights opportunities and challenges for local innovation and financing in the continent
(2012-07-27)Abstract A pool of 38 pan-African Centres of Excellence (CoEs) in health innovation has been selected and recognized by the African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation (ANDI), through a competitive criteria ... -
Predicted HIV-1 coreceptor usage among Kenya patients shows a high tendency for subtype d to be cxcr4 tropic
(2012-07-28)Abstract Background CCR5 antagonists have clinically been approved for prevention or treatment of HIV/AIDS. Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with the highest burden of HIV/AIDS are due to adopt ...